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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in automating scientific ideation, yet current approaches relying on iterative prompting or complex multi-agent architectures often suffer from hallucination or computational…

The rapid development of artificial intelligence and robotics has had a significant impact on our lives, with intelligent systems increasingly performing tasks traditionally performed by humans. Efficient knowledge transfer requires…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-01-10 Phillip Richter , Heiko Wersing , Anna-Lisa Vollmer

This survey explores the development of meta-thinking capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) from a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) perspective. Meta-thinking self-reflection, assessment, and control of thinking processes is…

Reward function, as an incentive representation that recognizes humans' agency and rationalizes humans' actions, is particularly appealing for modeling human behavior in human-robot interaction. Inverse Reinforcement Learning is an…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Ran Tian , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Liting Sun

This paper critically evaluates the attempts to align Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, especially Large Language Models (LLMs), with human values and intentions through Reinforcement Learning from Feedback (RLxF) methods, involving…

Providing Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents with human feedback can dramatically improve various aspects of learning. However, previous methods require human observer to give inputs explicitly (e.g., press buttons, voice interface),…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2020-10-15 Duo Xu , Mohit Agarwal , Ekansh Gupta , Faramarz Fekri , Raghupathy Sivakumar

Equipped with Large Language Models (LLMs), human-centered robots are now capable of performing a wide range of tasks that were previously deemed challenging or unattainable. However, merely completing tasks is insufficient for cognitive…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Hongtao Li , Ziyuan Jiao , Xiaofeng Liu , Hangxin Liu , Zilong Zheng

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to automate student assessment in education. Among different types of assessments, summative assessments play a crucial role in evaluating a student's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Dishank Aggarwal , Pritam Sil , Bhaskaran Raman , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Language models (LMs) often exhibit undesirable text generation behaviors, including generating false, toxic, or irrelevant outputs. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) - where human preference judgments on LM outputs are…

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to interact with external environments (e.g., games, compilers, APIs) as goal-driven agents. However, it remains challenging for these language agents to quickly and efficiently learn…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Noah Shinn , Federico Cassano , Edward Berman , Ashwin Gopinath , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

We apply preference modeling and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to finetune language models to act as helpful and harmless assistants. We find this alignment training improves performance on almost all NLP evaluations,…

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) has been demonstrated to significantly enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) by aligning their outputs with desired human values through instruction tuning. However, RLHF…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-06 Zhang Ze Yu , Lau Jia Jaw , Zhang Hui , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become the standard approach for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, allowing LLMs to demonstrate remarkable abilities in various tasks. Existing methods work…

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) in code generation, human-AI interaction is evolving from static text responses to dynamic, interactive HTML-based applications, which we term MiniApps. These applications require…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Zuhao Zhang , Chengyue Yu , Yuante Li , Chenyi Zhuang , Linjian Mo , Shuai Li

A central problem in the theory of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is to understand what structural conditions and algorithmic principles lead to sample-efficient learning guarantees, and how these considerations change as we move…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-02 Dylan J. Foster , Dean P. Foster , Noah Golowich , Alexander Rakhlin

We present VisualHints, a novel environment for multimodal reinforcement learning (RL) involving text-based interactions along with visual hints (obtained from the environment). Real-life problems often demand that agents interact with the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-28 Thomas Carta , Subhajit Chaudhury , Kartik Talamadupula , Michiaki Tatsubori

In many real-world applications, multiple agents seek to learn how to perform highly related yet slightly different tasks in an online bandit learning protocol. We formulate this problem as the $\epsilon$-multi-player multi-armed bandit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-21 Zhi Wang , Chicheng Zhang , Manish Kumar Singh , Laurel D. Riek , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is central in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values and expectations. However, the process remains susceptible to governance challenges, including evaluator bias,…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Dana Alsagheer , Abdulrahman Kamal , Mohammad Kamal , Weidong Shi

One of the essential missions in the AI research community is to build an autonomous embodied agent that can achieve high-level performance across a wide spectrum of tasks. However, acquiring or manually designing rewards for all open-ended…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Haobin Jiang , Junpeng Yue , Hao Luo , Ziluo Ding , Zongqing Lu

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key enabling technology for aligning AI behaviour with human preferences. The traditional way to collect data in RLHF is via pairwise comparisons: human raters are asked to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Jan Kompatscher , Danqing Shi , Giovanna Varni , Tino Weinkauf , Antti Oulasvirta