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In recent years, the disk populations in a number of young star-forming regions have been surveyed with ALMA. Understanding the disk properties and their correlation with those of the central star is critical to understand planet formation.…

We have conducted three-dimensional self-gravitating radiation hydrodynamical models of gas accretion onto high mass cores (15-33 Earth masses) over hundreds of orbits. Of these models, one case accretes more than a third of a Jupiter mass…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 Ben A. Ayliffe , Matthew R. Bate

Protoplanetary disks, which are the natural consequence of the gravitational collapse of the dense molecular cloud cores, host the formation of the known planetary systems in our universe. Substantial efforts have been dedicated to…

Models of core accretion assume that in the radiative zones of accreting gas envelopes, radiation diffuses. But super-Earths/sub-Neptunes (1-4$R_\oplus$, 2-20$M_\oplus$) point to formation conditions that are optically thin: their modest…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-16 Eve J. Lee , Eugene Chiang , Jason W. Ferguson

ALMA observations of protoplanetary disks acquired by the Disk Substructure at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP) resolve the dust and gas emission on angular scales as small as 3 astronomical units, offering an unprecedented detailed…

This paper identifies constraints on the growth of a small planetary core (0.3 M$_{\oplus}$) that accretes millimeter-sized pebbles from a gaseous disk. We construct time-dependent spherical envelope models that capture physical processes…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-09-08 Mohamad Ali-Dib , Christopher Thompson

Studying young protoplanetary disks is essential for understanding planet formation, but traditional angular differential imaging can introduce self-subtraction artefacts that hinder interpretation of small-scale structures. We present…

We study protoplanetary disc evolution assuming that angular momentum transport is driven by gravitational instability at large radii, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the hot inner regions. At radii of the order of 1 AU such…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-06 Philip J. Armitage , Mario Livio , J. E. Pringle

While most of the known debris discs present cold dust at tens of AU, a few young systems exhibit hot dust analogous to the Zodiacal dust. $\eta$ Corvi is particularly interesting as it is old and it has both, with its hot dust…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-01-25 S. Marino , M. C. Wyatt , O. Panic , L. Matra , G. M. Kennedy , A. Bonsor , Q. Kral , W. R. F Dent , G. Duchene , D. Wilner , C. M. Lisse , J. -F. Lestrade , B. Matthews

Gap-opening planets can generate dust-trapping vortices that may explain some of the latest discoveries of high-contrast crescent-shaped dust asymmetries in transition discs. While planet-induced vortices were previously thought to have…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-11-07 Michael Hammer , Paola Pinilla , Kaitlin M. Kratter , Min-Kai Lin

Context. The study of protoplanetary disks is fundamental to understand their evolution and interaction with the surrounding environment, and to constrain planet formation mechanisms. Aims. We aim at characterising the young binary system…

Detection of forming planets means detection of the circumplanetary disk (CPD) in reality, since the planet is still surrounded by a disk at this evolutionary stage. Yet, no comprehensive CPD modeling was done in near-infrared wavelengths,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-05-22 J. Szulágyi , C. P. Dullemond , A. Pohl , S. P. Quanz

In recent years evidence has been building that planet formation starts early, in the first $\sim$ 0.5 Myr. Studying the dust masses available in young disks enables understanding the origin of planetary systems since mature disks are…

We investigate the possibility to detect giant planets that are still embedded in young circumstellar disks. Based on models with different stellar, planetary, and disk masses, and different radial positions of the planet we analyze the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Sebastian Wolf , Gennaro D'Angelo

Distinct gap features in the nearest protoplanetary disk, TW Hya (distance of 59.5$\pm$0.9 pc), may be signposts of ongoing planet formation. We performed long-exposure thermal infrared coronagraphic imaging observations to search for…

The migration of planets plays an important role in the early planet-formation process. An important problem has been that standard migration theories predict very rapid inward migration, which poses problems for population synthesis…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-01-09 Bertram Bitsch , Willy Kley

The chemical composition of gas and ice in disks around young stars set the bulk composition of planets. In contrast to protoplanetary disks (Class II), young disks that are still embedded in their natal envelope (Class 0 and I) are…

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations for three protoplanetary disks in Taurus at 2.9\,mm and comparisons with previous 1.3\,mm data both at an angular resolution of $\sim0.''1$ (15\,au for the…

We report ALMA observations in 0.87 mm continuum and $^{12}$CO ($J$ = 3--2) toward a very low-luminosity ($<$0.1 $L_{\odot}$) protostar, which is deeply embedded in one of the densest core MC27/L1521F, in Taurus with an indication of…

A giant planet creates a gap in a protoplanetary disk, which might explain the observed gaps in protoplanetary disks. The width and depth of the gaps depend on the planet mass and disk properties. We have performed two--dimensional…