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Obtaining multiple meaningfully diverse, high quality samples from Large Language Models for a fixed prompt remains an open challenge. Current methods for increasing diversity often only operate at the token-level, paraphrasing the same…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Eltayeb Ahmed , Uljad Berdica , Martha Elliott , Danijela Horak , Jakob N. Foerster

Supervised deep learning methods for segmentation require large amounts of labelled training data, without which they are prone to overfitting, not generalizing well to unseen images. In practice, obtaining a large number of annotations…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-03-01 Krishna Chaitanya , Neerav Karani , Christian Baumgartner , Olivio Donati , Anton Becker , Ender Konukoglu

Large Language models (LLMs), while powerful, exhibit harmful social biases. Debiasing is often challenging due to computational costs, data constraints, and potential degradation of multi-task language capabilities. This work introduces a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-17 Pengrui Han , Rafal Kocielnik , Adhithya Saravanan , Roy Jiang , Or Sharir , Anima Anandkumar

Large Language Models, such as Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (aka. GPT-3), have been developed to understand language through the analysis of extensive text data, allowing them to identify patterns and connections between words.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-03 Baphumelele Masikisiki , Vukosi Marivate , Yvette Hlope

Data annotation is the process of labeling data that could be used to train machine learning models. Having high-quality annotation is crucial, as it allows the model to learn the relationship between the input data and the desired output.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Bosheng Ding , Chengwei Qin , Linlin Liu , Yew Ken Chia , Shafiq Joty , Boyang Li , Lidong Bing

The generative large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for data augmentation tasks, where text samples are paraphrased (or generated anew) and then used for classifier fine-tuning. Existing works on augmentation leverage the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Jan Cegin , Branislav Pecher , Jakub Simko , Ivan Srba , Maria Bielikova , Peter Brusilovsky

The current era of natural language processing (NLP) has been defined by the prominence of pre-trained language models since the advent of BERT. A feature of BERT and models with similar architecture is the objective of masked language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-04 Ed S. Ma

The in-context learning ability of large language models (LLMs) enables them to generalize to novel downstream tasks with relatively few labeled examples. However, they require enormous computational resources to be deployed. Alternatively,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Jean Kaddour , Qi Liu

Emerging Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), showing potential in traditional tasks such as Named Entity Recognition (NER). Our study explores a three-phase training strategy that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Yining Huang , Keke Tang , Meilian Chen

Many natural language processing (NLP) tasks rely on labeled data to train machine learning models with high performance. However, data annotation is time-consuming and expensive, especially when the task involves a large amount of data or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-08 Xingwei He , Zhenghao Lin , Yeyun Gong , A-Long Jin , Hang Zhang , Chen Lin , Jian Jiao , Siu Ming Yiu , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Intent detection of spoken queries is a challenging task due to their noisy structure and short length. To provide additional information regarding the query and enhance the performance of intent detection, we propose a method for semantic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Eyup Halit Yilmaz , Cagri Toraman

While most generative models show achievements in image data generation, few are developed for tabular data generation. Recently, due to success of large language models (LLM) in diverse tasks, they have also been used for tabular data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Dang Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Kien Do , Thin Nguyen , Svetha Venkatesh

For CLIP-based prompt tuning, introducing more data as additional knowledge for enhancing fine-tuning process is proved to be an effective approach. Existing data amplification strategies for prompt tuning typically rely on external…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Haoyang Li , Liang Wang , Chao Wang , Siyu Zhou , Jing Jiang , Yan Peng , Guodong Long

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs), e.g., SciBERT, generally requires large numbers of annotated data to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a range of NLP tasks in the scientific domain. However, obtaining the fine-tune…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Jiawei Liu , Zi Xiong , Yi Jiang , Yongqiang Ma , Wei Lu , Yong Huang , Qikai Cheng

Data annotation is an essential step for constructing new datasets. However, the conventional approach of data annotation through crowdsourcing is both time-consuming and expensive. In addition, the complexity of this process increases when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-09 Juhwan Choi , Eunju Lee , Kyohoon Jin , YoungBin Kim

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and GPT-4 have attracted great attention given their surprising performance on a wide range of NLP tasks. Length controlled generation of LLMs emerges as an important topic, which enables users to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-03 Renlong Jie , Xiaojun Meng , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable advancements in the field of natural language processing. However, their increasing size poses challenges in terms of computational cost. On the other hand, Small Language Models (SLMs) are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-03 Zhen Guo , Peiqi Wang , Yanwei Wang , Shangdi Yu

OpenNotes enables patients to access EHR notes, but medical jargon can hinder comprehension. To improve understanding, we evaluated closed- and open-source LLMs for extracting and prioritizing key medical terms using prompting, fine-tuning,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Won Seok Jang , Sharmin Sultana , Zonghai Yao , Hieu Tran , Zhichao Yang , Sunjae Kwon , Hong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate synthetic textual data for training smaller specialized models. However, a comparison of various generation strategies for low-resource language settings is lacking. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Tatiana Anikina , Jan Cegin , Jakub Simko , Simon Ostermann

Although language models (LMs) have boosted the performance of Question Answering, they still need plenty of data. Data annotation, in contrast, is a time-consuming process. This especially applies to Question Answering, where possibly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-16 Maximilian Schmidt , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Ngoc Thang Vu