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Custom keyword spotting (KWS) allows detecting user-defined spoken keywords from streaming audio. This is achieved by comparing the embeddings from voice enrollments and input audio. State-of-the-art custom KWS models are typically trained…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Quan Wang , Dhruuv Agarwal , Kurt Partridge

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (KWS), which allows users to customize keywords, has attracted increasingly more interest. However, existing methods based on acoustic models and post-processing train the acoustic model with ASR training…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-12-18 Ao Zhang , Pan Zhou , Kaixun Huang , Yong Zou , Ming Liu , Lei Xie

Prompt-based continual learning provides a rehearsal-free solution by tuning small sets of parameters while keeping pre-trained models frozen. To meet the complex demands of sequential tasks, it is crucial to integrate task-specific…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Kiseong Hong , Gyeong-hyeon Kim , Eunwoo Kim

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a prominent method for incorporating domain knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs). While RAG enhances response relevance by incorporating retrieved domain knowledge in the context,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-28 Kushagra Bhushan , Yatin Nandwani , Dinesh Khandelwal , Sonam Gupta , Gaurav Pandey , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi

Confusing-words are commonly encountered in real-life keyword spotting applications, which causes severe degradation of performance due to complex spoken terms and various kinds of words that sound similar to the predefined keywords. To…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-04 Yan Jia , Zexin Cai , Murong Ma , Zeqing Zhao , Xuyang Wang , Junjie Wang , Ming Li

One of the challenges in developing a high quality custom keyword spotting (KWS) model is the lengthy and expensive process of collecting training data covering a wide range of languages, phrases and speaking styles. We introduce Synth4Kws…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Dhruuv Agarwal , Jacob W. Bartel , Kurt Partridge , Hyun Jin Park , Quan Wang

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) deals with the identification of keywords in audio streams and has become a fast-growing technology thanks to the paradigm shift introduced by deep learning a few years ago. This has allowed the rapid embedding…

声音 · 计算机科学 2021-11-23 Iván López-Espejo , Zheng-Hua Tan , John Hansen , Jesper Jensen

Speech recognition is a sequence prediction problem. Besides employing various deep learning approaches for framelevel classification, sequence-level discriminative training has been proved to be indispensable to achieve the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-08-20 Zhehuai Chen , Yanmin Qian , Kai Yu

The goal of this work is to detect new spoken terms defined by users. While most previous works address Keyword Spotting (KWS) as a closed-set classification problem, this limits their transferability to unseen terms. The ability to define…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-11-02 Jaemin Jung , Youkyum Kim , Jihwan Park , Youshin Lim , Byeong-Yeol Kim , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

Smart audio devices are gated by an always-on lightweight keyword spotting program to reduce power consumption. It is however challenging to design models that have both high accuracy and low latency for accurate and fast responsiveness.…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-02-23 Bo Zhang , Wenfeng Li , Qingyuan Li , Weiji Zhuang , Xiangxiang Chu , Yujun Wang

Continual learning refers to a dynamical framework in which a model receives a stream of non-stationary data over time and must adapt to new data while preserving previously acquired knowledge. Unluckily, neural networks fail to meet these…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-05-24 Umberto Cappellazzo , Daniele Falavigna , Alessio Brutti

Large language models (LLMs) hold significant promise for healthcare, yet their reliability in high-stakes clinical settings is often compromised by hallucinations and a lack of granular medical context. While Retrieval Augmented Generation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Mingchen Li , Jiatan Huang , Zonghai Yao , Hong yu

The ability of artificial agents to increment their capabilities when confronted with new data is an open challenge in artificial intelligence. The main challenge faced in such cases is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., the tendency of neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-16 Eden Belouadah , Adrian Popescu , Ioannis Kanellos

User-defined keyword spotting (KWS) is crucial for personalized voice interaction, yet existing methods face several challenges: (1) insufficient discriminability among confusable words, (2) performance inconsistency across speakers with…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-22 Zhiqi Ai , Han Cheng , Shiyi Mu , Xinnuo Li , Yongjin Zhou , Shugong Xu

Keyword Spotting (KWS) models on embedded devices should adapt fast to new user-defined words without forgetting previous ones. Embedded devices have limited storage and computational resources, thus, they cannot save samples or update…

声音 · 计算机科学 2023-07-25 Umberto Michieli , Pablo Peso Parada , Mete Ozay

Keyword spotting (KWS) plays an essential role in enabling speech-based user interaction on smart devices, and conventional KWS (C-KWS) approaches have concentrated on detecting user-agnostic pre-defined keywords. However, in practice, most…

声音 · 计算机科学 2022-06-29 Seunghan Yang , Byeonggeun Kim , Inseop Chung , Simyung Chang

The performance of keyword spotting (KWS), measured in false alarms and false rejects, degrades significantly under the far field and noisy conditions. In this paper, we propose a multi-look neural network modeling for speech enhancement…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-05-22 Meng Yu , Xuan Ji , Bo Wu , Dan Su , Dong Yu

Spoken Keyword Spotting (KWS) is the task of distinguishing between the presence and absence of a keyword in audio. The accuracy of a KWS model hinges on its ability to correctly classify examples close to the keyword and non-keyword…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Harry Zhang , Kurt Partridge , Pai Zhu , Neng Chen , Hyun Jin Park , Dhruuv Agarwal , Quan Wang

Current deep learning architectures suffer from catastrophic forgetting, a failure to retain knowledge of previously learned classes when incrementally trained on new classes. The fundamental roadblock faced by deep learning methods is that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-01 Ziyang Wu , Christina Baek , Chong You , Yi Ma

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) aims to identify keywords in audio for wide applications, especially on edge devices. Current small-footprint KWS systems focus on efficient model designs. However, their inference performance can decline in…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-21 Yang Xiao , Tianyi Peng , Yanghao Zhou , Rohan Kumar Das