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We present the mass function of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) over the redshift range z=0-2, using the latest deep luminosity and mass functions of field galaxies to constrain the masses of their spheroids, which we relate to SMBH mass…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 Yan-Rong Li , Luis C. Ho , Jian-Min Wang

Runaway collisions in dense clusters may lead to the formation of supermassive black hole (SMBH) seeds, and this process can be further enhanced by accretion, as recent models of SMBH seed formation in Population III star clusters have…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2020-02-17 P. J. Alister Seguel , D. R. G. Schleicher , T. C. N. Boekholt , M. Fellhauer , R. S. Klessen

We model the formation and retention of the most massive black hole (BH) in 47~Tuc using the semi-analytical code \texttt{cBHBd}, coupling cluster evolution with binary BH dynamics and computing merger-remnant masses, spins, and…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-04-14 Debatri Chattopadhyay , Daniel Marín Pina , Mark Gieles , Fabio Antonini , Fotios Fronimos Pouliasis

It has long been suggested that a fraction of the dark matter in the Universe could exist in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) that have existed since the radiation dominated era. Recent studies have suggested that these PBHs may be…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-03 Lewis R. Prole , John A. Regan , Daxal Mehta , Peter Coles , Pratika Dayal

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses below ($2 \times 10^5 M_{\odot}$) are pivotal in understanding the origin and growth mechanisms of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. This study focuses on the search and…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-03 V. Goradzhanov , I. Chilingarian , M. Demianenko , I. Katkov , K. Grishin , V. Toptun , E. Rubtsov , D. Gasymov , I. Kuzmin

We study the co-evolution of black holes (BHs) and their host galaxies in the ASTRID and Illustris-TNG300 cosmological simulations and the Dark Sage Semi-Analytic Model (SAM), focusing on the evolution of the BH mass - stellar mass ($M_{\rm…

We study the orbital evolution and gravitational wave (GW) emission of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries formed in gas-free mergers of massive early-type galaxies using the hybrid tree-regularized N-body code KETJU. The evolution of…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2019-12-11 Matias Mannerkoski , Peter H. Johansson , Pauli Pihajoki , Antti Rantala , Thorsten Naab

Supermassive stars (SMSs) and heavy seed black holes, as their remnants, are promising candidates for Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) progenitors, especially for ones observed in the early universe $ z\simeq 8.5-10$ by recent JWST…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-21 Masaki Kiyuna , Takashi Hosokawa , Sunmyon Chon

In the local universe, the masses of Super-Massive Black-Holes (SMBH) appear to correlate with physical properties of their hosts, including the mass of the dark-matter halos. At higher redshifts, we observe the growth of SMBHs indirectly…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Stuart Wyithe , T. Padmanabhan

The origin of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that inhabit the centers of massive galaxies is largely unconstrained. Remnants from supermassive stars (SMSs) with masses around 10,000 solar masses provide the ideal seed candidates, known as…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2019-02-21 John H. Wise , John A. Regan , Brian W. O'Shea , Michael L. Norman , Turlough P. Downes , Hao Xu

The evolution of Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs) initially embedded in the centres of merging galaxies realised with a stellar mass function (SMF) is studied from the onset of galaxy mergers till coalescence. We performed a large set of…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-07-18 Fazeel Mahmood Khan , Peter Berczik , Andreas Just

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has identified a large population of supermassive ($10^6$-$10^8~\mathrm{M}_\odot$) black holes (BHs) in the early universe ($z \sim 4$-$7$). Current measurements suggest that many of these BHs exhibit…

An empirically motivated model is presented for accretion-dominated growth of the super massive black holes (SMBH) in galaxies, and the implications are studied for the evolution of the quasar population in the universe. We investigate the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Asim Mahmood , Julien E. G. Devriendt , Joseph Silk

Observations of high-redshift quasars indicate that super massive black holes (SMBHs) with masses greater than ${\sim}10^9~M_\odot$ were assembled within the first billion years after the Big Bang. It is unclear how such massive black holes…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-09-26 Eli Visbal , Zoltan Haiman

Supermassive black holes are a key ingredient of galaxy evolution. However, their origin is still highly debated. In one of the leading formation scenarios, a black hole of $\sim100$ M$_{\odot}$ results from the collapse of the inner core…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2016-10-12 Davide Fiacconi , Elena M. Rossi

We consider the impact of non-power-law spectra of matter perturbations with a bump or with a blue tilt at small scales on the evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) located the innermost part of galaxies. We study SMBH's mass growth…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-26 M. V. Tkachev , S. V. Pilipenko , E. V. Mikheeva , V. N. Lukash

We present a new semi-analytic model that self-consistently traces the growth of supermassive black holes (BH) and their host galaxies within the context of the LCDM cosmological framework. In our model, the energy emitted by accreting…

Among the emerging excess of massive, bright galaxies at Cosmic Dawn $z \gtrsim 9$ seen by the James Webb Space Telescope, several exhibit spectral features associated with active galactic nuclei (AGN). These AGN candidates suggest that…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-23 James Sunseri , Zachary L. Andalman , Romain Teyssier

JWST observations demonstrate that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) exist by redshifts $z \gtrsim 10$, providing further evidence for "direct collapse" black hole (BH) formation, whereby massive ($\sim 10^{3-5} M_{\odot}$) SMBH seeds are…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-06-12 Eric R. Coughlin , Mitchell C. Begelman

Recent James Webb Space Telescope observations of high-redshift massive galaxy candidates have initiated renewed interest in the important mystery around the formation and evolution of our Universe's largest supermassive black holes…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-31 Shin'ichiro Ando , Shyam Balaji , Malcolm Fairbairn , Nagisa Hiroshima , Koji Ishiwata