相关论文: Probing cage relaxation in concentrated protein so…

X-ray echo spectroscopy, a counterpart of neutron spin-echo, is being introduced here to overcome limitations in spectral resolution and weak signals of the traditional inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) probes. An image of a point-like x-ray…

The European XFEL, currently under construction, will produce a coherent X-ray pulse every 222 ns in pulse trains of up to 2700 pulses. In conjunction with the fast 2D area detectors currently under development, it will be possible to…

The use of large, X-ray selected galaxy cluster catalogues for cosmological analyses requires a thorough understanding of the X-ray mass estimates. Weak gravitational lensing is an ideal method to shed light on such issues, due to its…

Single domain proteins are thought to be tightly packed. The introduction of voids by mutations is often regarded as destabilizing. In this study we show that packing density for single domain proteins decreases with chain length. We find…

The advent of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) has revolutionized fundamental science, from atomic to condensed matter physics, from chemistry to biology, giving researchers access to X-rays with unprecedented brightness, coherence, and…

This is the fourth in a series of papers studying the astrophysics and cosmology of massive, dynamically relaxed galaxy clusters. Here, we use measurements of weak gravitational lensing from the Weighing the Giants project to calibrate…

Research on actinide materials, both basic and applied, has been greatly advanced by the general techniques available from high-intensity photon beams from x-ray synchrotron sources. The most important single reason is that such x-ray…

Shortly after the determination of the first protein x-ray crystal structures, researchers analyzed their cores and reported packing fractions $\phi \approx 0.75$, a value that is similar to close packing equal-sized spheres. A limitation…

X-ray devices are far superior to optical ones for providing nanometre spatial and attosecond temporal resolutions. Such resolution is indispensable in biology, medicine, physics, material sciences, and their applications. A bright…

Collective emission of light from distributions of two-level systems (TLSs) was first predicted in 1954 by Robert Dicke, who showed that when $N$ quantum emitters absorb photons, their collective radiative decay rate can be enhanced…

Long arcs in clusters of galaxies, produced by gravitational lensing, can be used to estimate the mass interior to the arcs and therefore, constrain the cluster mass distribution. The radial density distribution of the intracluster gas…

Proteins are biological polymers that underlie all cellular functions. The first high-resolution protein structures were determined by x-ray crystallography in the 1960s. Since then, there has been continued interest in understanding and…

Numerous studies have investigated the differences and similarities between protein structures determined by solution NMR spectroscopy and those determined by x-ray crystallography. A fundamental question is whether any observed differences…

X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) experiments have brought unique capabilities and opened new directions in research, such as creating new states of matter or directly measuring atomic motion. One such area is the ability to use finely…

Coherent diffraction imaging is a high-resolution imaging technique whose potential can be greatly enhanced by applying the extrapolation method presented here. We demonstrate enhancement in resolution of a non-periodical object…

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful experimental tool to probe the local structure in materials with the core hole excitations. Here, the oxygen K-edge XAS spectra of the NaCl solution and pure water are computed by using a…

Weak gravitational lensing provides a direct way to study the mass distribution of clusters of galaxies at large radii. Unfortunately, large scale structure along the line of sight also contributes to the lensing signal, and consequently…

The propagation of hard X ray beam from partially coherent synchrotron source is simulated by using the novel method based on the coherent mode decomposition of Gaussian Schell model and wave front propagation. We investigate how the…

Core-level X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a useful measurement technique for investigating the electronic states of a strongly correlated electron system. Usually, to extract physical information of a target object from a…

Gravitational lensing is a potentially powerful tool for elucidating the origin of gamma-ray emission from distant sources. Cosmic lenses magnify the emission from distance sources and produce time delays between mirage images.…