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Internet memes, channels for humor, social commentary, and cultural expression, are increasingly used to spread toxic messages. Studies on the computational analyses of toxic memes have significantly grown over the past five years, and the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Delfina Sol Martinez Pandiani , Erik Tjong Kim Sang , Davide Ceolin

Toxicity detection algorithms, originally designed with reactive content moderation in mind, are increasingly being deployed into proactive end-user interventions to moderate content. Through a socio-technical lens and focusing on contexts…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Mark Warner , Angelika Strohmayer , Matthew Higgs , Lynne Coventry

Detecting toxic content using language models is crucial yet challenging. While substantial progress has been made in English, toxicity detection in French remains underdeveloped, primarily due to the lack of culturally relevant,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Axel Delaval , Shujian Yang , Haicheng Wang , Han Qiu , Jialiang Lu

Machine learning models are commonly used to detect toxicity in online conversations. These models are trained on datasets annotated by human raters. We explore how raters' self-described identities impact how they annotate toxicity in…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2022-05-03 Nitesh Goyal , Ian Kivlichan , Rachel Rosen , Lucy Vasserman

Peer review is crucial for advancing and improving science through constructive criticism. However, toxic feedback can discourage authors and hinder scientific progress. This work explores an important but underexplored area: detecting…

Pretrained neural language models (LMs) are prone to generating racist, sexist, or otherwise toxic language which hinders their safe deployment. We investigate the extent to which pretrained LMs can be prompted to generate toxic language,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-09-29 Samuel Gehman , Suchin Gururangan , Maarten Sap , Yejin Choi , Noah A. Smith

The task of automated code review has recently gained a lot of attention from the machine learning community. However, current review comment evaluation metrics rely on comparisons with a human-written reference for a given code change…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Atharva Naik , Marcus Alenius , Daniel Fried , Carolyn Rose

As toxic language becomes nearly pervasive online, there has been increasing interest in leveraging the advancements in natural language processing (NLP), from very large transformer models to automatically detecting and removing toxic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-07-02 Austin P. Wright , Omar Shaikh , Haekyu Park , Will Epperson , Muhammed Ahmed , Stephane Pinel , Diyi Yang , Duen Horng Chau

Toxicity detection has become core safety infrastructure for online moderation, dataset filtering, and deployed language-model systems. Yet most detectors still treat toxicity as an intrinsic property of isolated text. This position paper…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Sergei Berezin , Reza Farahbakhsh , Noel Crespi

The rise of hate speech on online platforms has led to an urgent need for effective content moderation. However, the subjective and multi-faceted nature of hateful online content, including implicit hate speech, poses significant challenges…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-17 Uma Gunturi , Xiaohan Ding , Eugenia H. Rho

Toxic speech, also known as hate speech, is regarded as one of the crucial issues plaguing online social media today. Most recent work on toxic speech detection is constrained to the modality of text and written conversations with very…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-05 Sreyan Ghosh , Samden Lepcha , S Sakshi , Rajiv Ratn Shah , S. Umesh

Context: Learning-based automatic program repair techniques are showing promise to provide quality fix suggestions for detected bugs in the source code of the software. These tools mostly exploit historical data of buggy and fixed code…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Faria Huq , Masum Hasan , Mahim Anzum Haque Pantho , Sazan Mahbub , Anindya Iqbal , Toufique Ahmed

Code reviews are popular in both industrial and open source projects. The benefits of code reviews are widely recognized and include better code quality and lower likelihood of introducing bugs. However, since code review is a manual…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-05-20 Rosalia Tufano , Luca Pascarella , Michele Tufano , Denys Poshyvanyk , Gabriele Bavota

In health-related topics, user toxicity in online discussions frequently becomes a source of social conflict or promotion of dangerous, unscientific behaviour; common approaches for battling it include different forms of detection, flagging…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Jorge Paz-Ruza , Amparo Alonso-Betanzos , Bertha Guijarro-Berdiñas , Carlos Eiras-Franco

Modern software relies on a multitude of automated testing and quality assurance tools to prevent errors, bugs and potential vulnerabilities. This study sets out to provide a head-to-head, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of six…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Damian Gnieciak , Tomasz Szandala

Online conversations can be toxic and subjected to threats, abuse, or harassment. To identify toxic text comments, several deep learning and machine learning models have been proposed throughout the years. However, recent studies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-09 Md Azim Khan

In-game toxic language becomes the hot potato in the gaming industry and community. There have been several online game toxicity analysis frameworks and models proposed. However, it is still challenging to detect toxicity due to the nature…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Yuanzhe Jia , Weixuan Wu , Feiqi Cao , Soyeon Caren Han

Software development is a collaborative process that involves various interactions among individuals and teams. TODO comments in source code play a critical role in managing and coordinating diverse tasks during this process. However, this…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Haoye Wang , Zhipeng Gao , Tingting Bi , John Grundy , Xinyu Wang , Minghui Wu , Xiaohu Yang

Software projects thrive on the involvement and contributions of individuals from different backgrounds. However, toxic language and negative interactions can hinder the participation and retention of contributors and alienate newcomers.…

Caution: this paper may include material that could be offensive or distressing. The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates the development of training approaches that mitigate the generation of unethical language and aptly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Sungjoo Byun , Dongjun Jang , Hyemi Jo , Hyopil Shin