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Trans-Neptunian objects (TNO) represent the leftovers of the formation of the Solar System. Their physical properties provide constraints to the models of formation and evolution of the various dynamical classes of objects in the outer…

The classical Kuiper belt contains objects both from a low-inclination, presumably primordial, distribution and from a high-inclination dynamically excited population. Based on a sample of classical TNOs with observations at thermal…

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are icy/rocky bodies that move beyond the orbit of Neptune in a region known as the trans-Neptunian belt (or Edgeworth-Kuiper belt). In contrast to the predictions of accretion models that feature…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-06-17 Patryk Sofia Lykawka

A distant, massive planet in the outer solar system has recently been proposed to explain some observed features of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Here we use N-body simulations of the formation of the Kuiper belt and Oort cloud as…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-10-13 Kalee E. Anderson , Nathan A. Kaib

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are remnants of a collisionally and dynamically evolved planetesimal disk in the outer solar system. This complex structure, known as the trans-Neptunian belt (or Edgeworth-Kuiper belt), can reveal important…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-11-11 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Tadashi Mukai

We analyze a detailed Nice model simulation of Kuiper Belt emplacement from Brasser & Morbidelli (2013), where Neptune undergoes a high eccentricity phase and migrates outward. In this work, which follows from Pike et al. (2017), we…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-10-11 R. E. Pike , S. M. Lawler

A substantial fraction of our solar system's trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are in mean motion resonance with Neptune. Many of these objects were likely caught into resonances by planetary migration---either smooth or…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-07-18 Tze Yeung Mathew Yu , Ruth Murray-Clay , Kathryn Volk

We report the orbital distribution of the trans-neptunian objects (TNOs) discovered during the Canada-France Ecliptic Plane Survey, whose discovery phase ran from early 2003 until early 2007. The follow-up observations started just after…

A relatively massive and moderately eccentric disk of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) can effectively counteract apse precession induced by the outer planets, and in the process shepherd highly eccentric members of its population into…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-01-30 Antranik A. Sefilian , Jihad R. Touma

This work explores the orbital distribution of minor bodies in the outer Solar System emplaced as a result of a Nice model migration from the simulations of Brasser & Morbidelli (2013). This planetary migration scatters a planetesimal disk…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-03-08 Rosemary E. Pike , Samantha Lawler , Ramon Brasser , Cory J. Shankman , Mike Alexandersen , J. J. Kavelaars

We used N-body simulations to model the 4.5 Gyr orbital evolution of the early Kuiper Belt, incorporating a massive protoplanetary disk, the four giant planets, and 1500 primordial Pluto-class bodies ("Plutos") that drove Neptune's grainy…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-02-20 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Jonathan Horner , Pedro Bernardinelli

We investigate the long-term evolution of the inclinations of the known classical and resonant Kuiper belt objects (KBOs). This is partially motivated by the observed bimodal inclination distribution and by the putative physical differences…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Kathryn Volk , Renu Malhotra

The current populations trapped in Neptune's main mean motion resonances in the Kuiper belt, Plutinos in the 3:2 and Twotinos in the 2:1, contain some of the best-characterized minor objects in the Solar System, given their dynamical…

We numerically integrated the orbits of 1458 particles in the region of the classical Kuiper Belt (41 AU < a < 47 AU) to explore the role of dynamical instabilities in sculpting the inclination distribution of the classical Kuiper Belt…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Marc J. Kuchner , Michael E. Brown , Matthew Holman

Most known trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) gravitationally scattering off the giant planets have orbital inclinations consistent with an origin from the classical Kuiper belt, but a small fraction of these "scattering TNOs" have inclinations…

The low-inclination component of the Classical Kuiper Belt is host to a population of extremely widely-separated binaries. These systems are similar to other Trans-Neptunian binaries (TNBs) in that the primary and secondary components of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 Alex H. Parker , JJ. Kavelaars , Jean-Marc Petit , Lynne Jones , Brett Gladman , Joel Parker

The orbital distribution of transneptunian objects (TNOs) in the distant Kuiper Belt (with semimajor axes beyond the 2:1 resonance, roughly $a$=50-100 au) provides constraints on the dynamical history of the outer solar system. Recent…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-27 Yukun Huang , Brett Gladman , Matthew Beaudoin , Kevin Zhang

Using the absolute detection calibration and abundant detections of the OSSOS (Outer Solar System Origin Survey) project, we provide population measurements for the main Kuiper Belt. For absolute magnitude $H_r<8.3$, there are 30,000…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-06 Jean-Marc Petit , Brett Gladman , J. J. Kavelaars , Michele T. Bannister , Mike Alexandersen , Kathryn Volk , Ying-Tung Chen

With perihelia well beyond Neptune, but semimajor axes and eccentricities indicative of substantial perturbation, the origins of detached trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) remain a dynamical puzzle. In particular, detached TNOs with orbital…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-08 Nathan A. Kaib , Chadwick A. Trujillo , Scott S. Sheppard

The orbital element distribution of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) with large pericenters has been suggested to be influenced by the presence of an undetected, large planet at >200 AU from the Sun. To find additional observables caused by…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-01-04 S. M. Lawler , C. Shankman , N. Kaib , M. T. Bannister , B. Gladman , J. J. Kavelaars
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