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The increasing complexity of embedded software has made comprehensive manual testing impractical, motivating the use of automated techniques such as fuzzing. Coverage-guided fuzzers like AFL++ have shown strong results for conventional…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Chiara Ghinami , Igor Pontes Tresolavy , Luis Seibt , Nils Bosbach , Rainer Leupers

Coverage-based graybox fuzzer (CGF), such as AFL has gained great success in vulnerability detection thanks to its ease-of-use and bug-finding power. Since some code fragments such as memory allocation are more vulnerable than others,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-03-02 Wenshuo Wang , Liang Cheng , Yang Zhang

Grey-box fuzzers such as American Fuzzy Lop (AFL) are popular tools for finding bugs and potential vulnerabilities in programs. While these fuzzers have been able to find vulnerabilities in many widely used programs, they are not efficient;…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-11-26 Siddharth Karamcheti , Gideon Mann , David Rosenberg

Fuzzing has emerged as a powerful technique for finding security bugs in complicated real-world applications. American fuzzy lop (AFL), a leading fuzzing tool, has demonstrated its powerful bug finding ability through a vast number of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-07-06 Tai D. Nguyen , Long H. Pham , Jun Sun

Ever-increasing design complexity of System-on-Chips (SoCs) led to significant verification challenges. Unlike software, bugs in hardware design are vigorous and eternal i.e., once the hardware is fabricated, it cannot be repaired with any…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar , Djones Lettnin , Sebastian Simon

Fuzz testing (fuzzing) is a well-known method for exposing bugs/vulnerabilities in software systems. Popular fuzzers, such as AFL, use a biased random search over the domain of program inputs, where 100s or 1000s of inputs (test cases) are…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Yuntong Zhang , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Gregory J. Duck , Jiaqi Tan , Abhik Roychoudhury

Software testing is becoming a critical part of the development cycle of embedded devices, enabling vulnerability detection. A well-studied approach of software testing is fuzz-testing (fuzzing), during which mutated input is sent to an…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-08-15 Philip Sperl , Konstantin Böttinger

Firmware serves as the critical interface between hardware and software in computing systems, making any bugs or vulnerabilities particularly dangerous as they can cause catastrophic system failures. While fuzzing is a promising approach…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Dakshina Tharindu , Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra

As the complexity of logic designs increase, new avenues for testing digital hardware becomes necessary. Fuzz Testing (fuzzing) has recently received attention as a potential candidate for input vector generation on hardware designs. Using…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-12-12 Ruochen Dai , Michael Lee , Patrick Hoey , Weimin Fu , Tuba Yavuz , Xiaolong Guo , Shuo Wang , Dean Sullivan , Orlando Arias

Emulation-based fuzzers enable testing binaries without source code, and facilitate testing embedded applications where automated execution on the target hardware architecture is difficult and slow. The instrumentation techniques added to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-06-22 Michael Chesser , Surya Nepal , Damith C. Ranasinghe

The security of microcontrollers, which drive modern IoT and embedded devices, continues to raise major concerns. Within a microcontroller (MCU), the firmware is a monolithic piece of software that contains the whole software stack, whereas…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-05 Bo Feng , Meng Luo , Changming Liu , Long Lu , Engin Kirda

Modern computing systems heavily rely on hardware as the root of trust. However, their increasing complexity has given rise to security-critical vulnerabilities that cross-layer at-tacks can exploit. Traditional hardware vulnerability…

Dynamic analysis and especially fuzzing are challenging tasks for embedded firmware running on modern low-end Microcontroller Units (MCUs) due to performance overheads from instruction emulation, the difficulty of emulating the vast space…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Florian Hofhammer , Qinying Wang , Atri Bhattacharyya , Majid Salehi , Bruno Crispo , Manuel Egele , Mathias Payer , Marcel Busch

Greybox fuzzing is one of the most useful and effective techniques for the bug detection in large scale application programs. It uses minimal amount of instrumentation. American Fuzzy Lop (AFL) is a popular coverage based evolutionary…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-06-12 Ketan Patil , Aditya Kanade

Dynamic testing or fuzzing of embedded firmware is severely limited by hardware-dependence and poor scalability, partly contributing to the widespread vulnerable IoT devices. We propose a software framework that continuously executes a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-09-27 Bo Feng , Alejandro Mera , Long Lu

Firmware fuzzing has gained attention for identifying firmware bugs. However, current approaches often directly integrate fuzzing tools for general software. General software receives input as it encounters I/O functions, but firmware input…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Shandian Shen , Wei Zhou , Keming Zhao , Peng Liu , Chung Hwan Kim , Le Guan

The increasing complexity of modern processors poses many challenges to existing hardware verification tools and methodologies for detecting security-critical bugs. Recent attacks on processors have shown the fatal consequences of…

Deep Learning (DL) frameworks have served as fundamental components in DL systems over the last decade. However, bugs in DL frameworks could lead to catastrophic consequences in critical scenarios. A simple yet effective way to find bugs in…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Shaoyu Yang , Chunrong Fang , Haifeng Lin , Xiang Chen , Jia Liu , Zhenyu Chen

Modern embedded Linux devices, such as routers, IP cameras, and IoT gateways, rely on complex software stacks where numerous daemons interact to provide services. Testing these devices is crucial from a security perspective since vendors…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Alessio Izzillo , Riccardo Lazzeretti , Emilio Coppa

Exponential growth in embedded systems is driving the research imperative to develop fuzzers to automate firmware testing to uncover software bugs and security vulnerabilities. But, employing fuzzing techniques in this context present a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-01-18 Guy Farrelly , Michael Chesser , Damith C. Ranasinghe
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