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We introduce Velocity-Regularized Adam (VRAdam), a physics-inspired optimizer for training deep neural networks that draws on ideas from quartic terms for kinetic energy with its stabilizing effects on various system dynamics. Previous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Pranav Vaidhyanathan , Lucas Schorling , Natalia Ares , Michael A. Osborne

Modern recommendation systems frequently employ online learning to dynamically update their models with freshly collected data. The most commonly used optimizer for updating neural networks in these contexts is the Adam optimizer, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Shaowen Wang , Anan Liu , Jian Xiao , Huan Liu , Yuekui Yang , Cong Xu , Qianqian Pu , Suncong Zheng , Wei Zhang , Di Wang , Jie Jiang , Jian Li

Optimization is essential in deep learning. The foundational method upon which most optimizers are built is momentum-based stochastic gradient descent. However, it suffers from two key drawbacks. First, it has noisy and varying gradients,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Saurabh Saini , Kapil Ahuja , Thomas Wick , Saurav Kumar

Adam has been at the core of large-scale training for almost a decade, yet a simple empirical fact remains unaccounted for: both validation scores and the qualitative behaviour of the training runs improve when the momentum parameters…

We present Amos, a stochastic gradient-based optimizer designed for training deep neural networks. It can be viewed as an Adam optimizer with theoretically supported, adaptive learning-rate decay and weight decay. A key insight behind Amos…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Ran Tian , Ankur P. Parikh

Modern optimizers such as AdamW, equipped with momentum and adaptive learning rate, are designed to escape local minima and explore the vast parameter space. This exploration is beneficial for finding good loss basins when training from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Junjiao Tian , Chengyue Huang , Zsolt Kira

In the training of neural networks, adaptive moment estimation (Adam) typically converges fast but exhibits suboptimal generalization performance. A widely accepted explanation for its defect in generalization is that it often tends to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Tao Shi , Liangming Chen , Long Jin , Mengchu Zhou

Optimizers like Adam and AdaGrad have been very successful in training large-scale neural networks. Yet, the performance of these methods is heavily dependent on a carefully tuned learning rate schedule. We show that in many large-scale…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-02 Ehsan Amid , Rohan Anil , Christopher Fifty , Manfred K. Warmuth

Adam is an adaptive gradient method that has experienced widespread adoption due to its fast and reliable training performance. Recent approaches have not offered significant improvement over Adam, often because they do not innovate upon…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-11 Brett Daley , Christopher Amato

Following the introduction of Adam, several novel adaptive optimizers for deep learning have been proposed. These optimizers typically excel in some tasks but may not outperform Adam uniformly across all tasks. In this work, we introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Kaan Ozkara , Can Karakus , Parameswaran Raman , Mingyi Hong , Shoham Sabach , Branislav Kveton , Volkan Cevher

Adaptive learning rate methods have been successfully applied in many fields, especially in training deep neural networks. Recent results have shown that adaptive methods with exponential increasing weights on squared past gradients (i.e.,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-05 Hui Zhong , Zaiyi Chen , Chuan Qin , Zai Huang , Vincent W. Zheng , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Here I present a small update to the bias-correction term in the Adam optimizer that has the advantage of making smaller gradient updates in the first several steps of training. With the default bias-correction, Adam may actually make…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-25 John St John

Adaptive optimizers like AdamW apply uniform hyperparameters across all parameter groups, ignoring heterogeneous optimization dynamics across layers and modules. We address this limitation by proposing MetaAdamW - a new optimizer that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 JiangBo Zhao , ZhaoXin Liu

Deep learning methods - usually consisting of a class of deep neural networks (DNNs) trained by a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method - are nowadays omnipresent in data-driven learning problems as well as in scientific…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-01-13 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

Stochastic optimization plays a crucial role in the advancement of deep learning technologies. Over the decades, significant effort has been dedicated to improving the training efficiency and robustness of deep neural networks, via various…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-21 Huixiu Jiang , Ling Yang , Yu Bao , Rutong Si , Sikun Yang

We introduce AlphaGrad, a memory-efficient, conditionally stateless optimizer addressing the memory overhead and hyperparameter complexity of adaptive methods like Adam. AlphaGrad enforces scale invariance via tensor-wise L2 gradient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-24 Soham Sane

The ADAM optimizer is exceedingly popular in the deep learning community. Often it works very well, sometimes it doesn't. Why? We interpret ADAM as a combination of two aspects: for each weight, the update direction is determined by the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-15 Lukas Balles , Philipp Hennig

AdamW has long been the dominant optimizer in language model pretraining, despite numerous claims that alternative optimizers offer 1.4 to 2x speedup. We posit that two methodological shortcomings have obscured fair comparisons and hindered…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Kaiyue Wen , David Hall , Tengyu Ma , Percy Liang

We implement the adaptive step size scheme from the optimization methods AdaGrad and Adam in a novel variant of the Proximal Gradient Method (PGM). Our algorithm, dubbed AdaProx, avoids the need for explicit computation of the Lipschitz…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2020-07-06 Peter Melchior , Rémy Joseph , Fred Moolekamp