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Contrastive learning has emerged as a cornerstone in recent achievements of unsupervised representation learning. Its primary paradigm involves an instance discrimination task with a mutual information loss. The loss is known as InfoNCE and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-31 Kyungeun Lee , Jaeill Kim , Suhyun Kang , Wonjong Rhee

The objective of this paper is visual-only self-supervised video representation learning. We make the following contributions: (i) we investigate the benefit of adding semantic-class positives to instance-based Info Noise Contrastive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-01-13 Tengda Han , Weidi Xie , Andrew Zisserman

Unsupervised sentence representation learning is one of the fundamental problems in natural language processing with various downstream applications. Recently, contrastive learning has been widely adopted which derives high-quality sentence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Jiduan Liu , Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Wei Wu , Yunsen Xian , Dongyan Zhao , Kai Chen , Rui Yan

Dense retrieval conducts text retrieval in the embedding space and has shown many advantages compared to sparse retrieval. Existing dense retrievers optimize representations of queries and documents with contrastive training and map them to…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-07-19 Yizhi Li , Zhenghao Liu , Chenyan Xiong , Zhiyuan Liu

Matching images and sentences demands a fine understanding of both modalities. In this paper, we propose a new system to discriminatively embed the image and text to a shared visual-textual space. In this field, most existing works apply…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-07-28 Zhedong Zheng , Liang Zheng , Michael Garrett , Yi Yang , Mingliang Xu , Yi-Dong Shen

This paper improves contrastive learning for sentence embeddings from two perspectives: handling dropout noise and addressing feature corruption. Specifically, for the first perspective, we identify that the dropout noise from negative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-25 Jiahao Xu , Wei Shao , Lihui Chen , Lemao Liu

Inspired by the success of contrastive learning, we systematically examine recommendation losses, including listwise (softmax), pairwise (BPR), and pointwise (MSE and CCL) losses. In this endeavor, we introduce InfoNCE+, an optimized…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Dong Li , Ruoming Jin , Bin Ren

Contrastive learning is a major studied topic in metric learning. However, sampling effective contrastive pairs remains a challenge due to factors such as limited batch size, imbalanced data distribution, and the risk of overfitting. In…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Bolun Cai , Pengfei Xiong , Shangxuan Tian

Recently, contrastive learning has become a key component in fine-tuning code search models for software development efficiency and effectiveness. It pulls together positive code snippets while pushing negative samples away given search…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Haochen Li , Xin Zhou , Luu Anh Tuan , Chunyan Miao

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently been applied to adversarial learning tasks. Such practice considers adversarial samples as additional positive views of an instance, and by maximizing their agreements with each other, yields better…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-19 Qiying Yu , Jieming Lou , Xianyuan Zhan , Qizhang Li , Wangmeng Zuo , Yang Liu , Jingjing Liu

Deep neural network-based classifiers trained with the categorical cross-entropy (CCE) loss are sensitive to label noise in the training data. One common type of method that can mitigate the impact of label noise can be viewed as supervised…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-20 Aritra Ghosh , Andrew Lan

In open-domain Question Answering (QA), dense retrieval is crucial for finding relevant passages for answer generation. Typically, contrastive learning is used to train a retrieval model that maps passages and queries to the same semantic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Shiqi Wang , Yeqin Zhang , Cam-Tu Nguyen

Modern recommendation systems fuse user behavior graphs and review texts but often encounter a "Fusion Gap" caused by False Negatives, Popularity Bias, and Signal Ambiguity. We propose SymCERE (Symmetric NCE), a contrastive learning…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Toyotaro Suzumura , Hisashi Ikari , Hiroki Kanezashi , Md Mostafizur Rahman , Yu Hirate

Soft targets combined with the cross-entropy loss have shown to improve generalization performance of deep neural networks on supervised classification tasks. The standard cross-entropy loss however assumes data to be categorically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Johannes Hugger , Virginie Uhlmann

Contrastive learning has been the dominant approach to train state-of-the-art sentence embeddings. Previous studies have typically learned sentence embeddings either through the use of human-annotated natural language inference (NLI) data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Junlei Zhang , Zhenzhong Lan , Junxian He

Unsupervised sentence embedding aims to obtain the most appropriate embedding for a sentence to reflect its semantic. Contrastive learning has been attracting developing attention. For a sentence, current models utilize diverse data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-03 Hao Wang , Yangguang Li , Zhen Huang , Yong Dou , Lingpeng Kong , Jing Shao

Neural ranking models (NRMs) have become one of the most important techniques in information retrieval (IR). Due to the limitation of relevance labels, the training of NRMs heavily relies on negative sampling over unlabeled data. In general…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-09-13 Yinqiong Cai , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan , Qingyao Ai , Ruqing Zhang , Xueqi Cheng

Contrastive learning has emerged as a cornerstone of unsupervised representation learning across vision, language, and graph domains, with InfoNCE as its dominant objective. Despite its empirical success, the theoretical underpinnings of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Ge Cheng , Shuo Wang , Yun Zhang

Metric learning is central to retrieval, yet its effects on embedding geometry and optimization dynamics are not well understood. We introduce a diagnostic framework, VARIANCE (intra-/inter-class variance) and GREEDINESS (active ratio and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Donghuo Zeng , Hao Niu , Zhi Li , Masato Taya

We propose Rank & Sort (RS) Loss, a ranking-based loss function to train deep object detection and instance segmentation methods (i.e. visual detectors). RS Loss supervises the classifier, a sub-network of these methods, to rank each…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-08-31 Kemal Oksuz , Baris Can Cam , Emre Akbas , Sinan Kalkan