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Smart grid uses the power of information technology to intelligently deliver energy to customers by using a two-way communication, and wisely meet the environmental requirements by facilitating the integration of green technologies.…

Billions of people rely on essential utility and manufacturing infrastructures such as water treatment plants, energy management, and food production. Our dependence on reliable infrastructures makes them valuable targets for cyberattacks.…

Cybersecurity is now at the forefront of most organisational digital transformative agendas and National economic, social and political programmes. Hence its impact to society can no longer be seen to be one dimensional. The rise in…

While digitization of distribution grids through information and communications technology brings numerous benefits, it also increases the grid's vulnerability to serious cyber attacks. Unlike conventional systems, attacks on many…

The future of the Internet is predicted to be on the cloud, resulting in more complex and more intensive computing, but possibly also a more insecure digital world. The presence of a large amount of resources organized densely is a key…

According to the World Economic Forum, cyber attacks are considered as one of the most important sources of risk to companies and institutions worldwide. Attacks can target the network, software, and/or hardware. During the past years, much…

The evolution of networked systems, driven by innovations in software-defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV), open radio access networks (O-RAN), and cloud-native architectures, is redefining both the operational…

Cyberwar strategy and tactics today are primitive and ad-hoc, resulting in an ineffective and reactive cyber fighting force. A Cyberwar Playbook is an encoding of knowledge on how to effectively handle a variety of cyberwar situations. It…

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability are basic goals of security architecture. To ensure CIA, many authentication scheme has been introduced in several years. Currently deployment of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a most…

The risk of systemic war seems dependant on the level of criticality and sensitivity of the International System, and the system's conditions. The level of criticality and sensitivity is dependant on the developmental stage of the…

Power systems often rely on natural gas pipeline networks to supply fuel for gas-fired generation. Market inefficiencies and a lack of formal coordination between the wholesale power and gas delivery infrastructures may magnify the broader…

A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack is an attack wherein multiple compromised computer systems flood the bandwidth and/or resources of a target, such as a server, website or other network resource, and cause a denial of service…

The recent October 2016 DDoS attack on Dyn served as a wakeup call to the security community as many popular and independent webservices (e.g., Twitter, Spotify) were impacted. This incident raises a larger question on the fragility of…

Cyber resilience is a complementary concept to cybersecurity, focusing on the preparation, response, and recovery from cyber threats that are challenging to prevent. Organizations increasingly face such threats in an evolving cyber threat…

IoT devices are increasingly utilized in critical infrastructure, enterprises, and households. There are several sophisticated cyber-attacks that have been reported and many networks have proven vulnerable to both active and passive attacks…

Modern large network systems normally work in cooperation and incorporate dependencies between their components for purposes of efficiency and regulation. Such dependencies may become a major risk since they can cause small scale failures…

Traditional power grids are evolving to keep pace with the demands of the modern age. Smart grids contain integrated IT systems for better management and efficiency, but in doing so, also inherit a plethora of cyber-security threats and…

Cognitive vulnerabilities shape human decision-making and arise primarily from two sources: (1) cognitive capabilities, which include disparities in knowledge, education, expertise, or access to information, and (2) cognitive biases, such…

Attacks on Internet routing are typically viewed through the lens of availability and confidentiality, assuming an adversary that either discards traffic or performs eavesdropping. Yet, a strategic adversary can use routing attacks to…

Modern information society depends on reliable functionality of information systems infrastructure, while at the same time the number of cyber-attacks has been increasing over the years and damages have been caused. Furthermore, graphs can…