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When the Coulomb repulsion between electrons dominates over their kinetic energy, electrons in two dimensional systems were predicted to spontaneously break continuous translation symmetry and form a quantum crystal. Efforts to observe this…

In clean two-dimensional (2D) systems, electrons are expected to self-organize into a regular lattice, a Wigner crystal, when their mutual Coulomb repulsion overwhelms kinetic energy. Understanding the Wigner crystal at zero magnetic field…

A Wigner crystal, a regular electron lattice arising from strong correlation effects, is one of the earliest predicted collective electronic states. This many-body state exhibits quantum and classical phase transitions and has been proposed…

The multiple-spin exchange frequencies of the bilayer Wigner crystal are determined by the semiclassical method, which is asymptotically exact in the limit of dilute electron densities. The evolution of the exchange frequencies with…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2025-03-05 Ilya Esterlis , Dmitry Zverevich , Zekun Zhuang , Alex Levchenko

Wigner crystals, lattices made purely of electrons, are a quintessential paradigm of studying correlation-driven quantum phase transitions. Despite decades of research, the internal dynamics of Wigner crystals has remained extremely…

We study the possibility of Wigner crystallization in both single- and and bi-layer graphene using a real space tight binding model. In addition to verifying our earlier prediction for single layer graphene, we predict that the bilayer…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2007-06-13 Hari P. Dahal , Tim O. Wehling , Kevin S. Bedell , Jian-Xin Zhu , A. V. Balatsky

It is generally believed that a Wigner Crystal in single layer graphene can not form because the magnitudes of the Coulomb interaction and the kinetic energy scale similarly with decreasing electron density. However, this scaling argument…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2017-03-08 P. G. Silvestrov , P. Recher

At very low density, the electrons in a uniform electron gas spontaneously break symmetry and form a crystalline lattice called a Wigner crystal. But which type of crystal will the electrons form? We report a numerical study of the density…

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are characterized by relatively large carrier effective masses and suppressed screening of the Coulomb interaction, which substantially enhances the correlation effects in these structures.…

Strongly interacting electrons in two-dimensional systems can spontaneously break translational symmetry, forming a periodic Wigner crystal. Although these crystals have been realized in several platforms, experimental studies of their…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2025-12-19 L. Wang , F. Menzel , F. Pichler , P. Knüppel , K. Watanabe , T. Taniguchi , M. Knap , T. Smoleński

The physics of interacting quantum wires has attracted a lot of attention recently. When the density of electrons in the wire is very low, the strong repulsion between electrons leads to the formation of a Wigner crystal. We review the rich…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Julia S. Meyer , K. A. Matveev

The competition between Coulomb repulsion and kinetic energy in correlated systems can allow electrons to crystallize into Wigner solids. Despite researches across diverse two-dimensional Wigner platforms, the microscopic melting processes…

Using many-body configuration interaction techniques we show that Wigner crystallization occurs at the zigzag edges of graphene at surprisingly high electronic densities up to $0.8$ $\mbox{nm}^{-1}$. In contrast with one-dimensional…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2016-02-17 A. D. Güçlü

The existence of Wigner crystallization, one of the most significant hallmarks of strong electron correlations, has to date only been definitively observed in two-dimensional systems. In one-dimensional (1D) quantum wires Wigner crystals…

We investigate the multiparticle ring exchange couplings of the two-dimensional triangular Wigner crystal in external commensurate triangular and honeycomb potentials, using a semiclassical approach valid in the regime where Coulomb…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2025-05-27 Ilya Esterlis , Alex Levchenko

Electron-electron interactions strongly affect the behavior of low-dimensional systems. In one dimension (1D), arbitrarily weak interactions qualitatively alter the ground state producing a Luttinger liquid (LL) which has now been observed…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2007-10-04 Vikram V. Deshpande , Marc Bockrath

Wigner crystals are typically confined to ultralow temperatures where thermal motion is frozen out. Moir\'e superlattices in twisted two-dimensional materials have extended their stability to higher temperatures and densities, but rely on…

Coulomb interactions can have a decisive effect on the ground state of electronic systems. The simplest system in which interactions can play an interesting role is that of two electrons on a string. In the presence of strong interactions…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2013-10-24 S. Pecker , F. Kuemmeth , A. Secchi , M. Rontani , D. C. Ralph , P. L. McEuen , S. Ilani

The crystallization of charge carriers, dubbed the Wigner crystal, is anticipated at low densities in clean two-dimensional electronic systems (2DES). While there has been extensive investigation across diverse platforms, probing…

When the Coulomb interaction dominates over kinetic energy, electrons can crystallize into a Wigner crystal (WC). This paradigmatic correlated electronic phase has been realized in two-dimensional electron gases with parabolic band…

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