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Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are increasingly in various applications. This is due to the fact that they provide flexibility to reprogram and modify in realtime with minimum effort. The increasing usage of FPGA must also ensure…

The use of third-party IP cores in implementing applications in FPGAs has given rise to the threat of malicious alterations through the insertion of hardware Trojans. To address this threat, it is important to predict the way hardware…

In quantum computing, quantum circuits are fundamental representations of quantum algorithms, which are compiled into executable functions for quantum solutions. Quantum compilers transform algorithmic quantum circuits into one compatible…

Fully Encrypted Protocols (FEPs) have arisen in practice as a technique to avoid network censorship. Such protocols are designed to produce messages that appear completely random. This design hides communications metadata, such as version…

Climate change concerns emphasize the need for sustainable computing. Modeling the carbon footprint (CFP), including operational and embodied CFP from semiconductor use, manufacture and design, is essential. Field programmable gate arrays…

Intellectual Property (IP) theft is a serious concern for the integrated circuit (IC) industry. To address this concern, logic locking countermeasure transforms a logic circuit to a different one to obfuscate its inner details. The…

Existing countermeasures for hardware IP protection, such as obfuscation, camouflaging, and redaction, aim to defend against confidentiality and integrity attacks. However, within the current threat model, these techniques overlook the…

Physical design watermarking on contemporary integrated circuit (IC) layout encodes signatures without considering the dense connections and design constraints, which could lead to performance degradation on the watermarked products. This…

Entropy or randomness represents a foundational security property in security-related operations, such as key generation. Key generation in turn is central to security protocols such as authentication and encryption. Physical unclonable…

The outsourced manufacturing of integrated circuits has increased the risk of intellectual property theft. In response, logic locking techniques have been developed for protecting designs by adding programmable elements to the circuit.…

In this paper we discuss the security of a distributed inner product (DIP) protocol [IEEE TIFS, 11(1), (2016), 59-73]. We show information leakage in this protocol that does not happen in an ideal execution of DIP functionality. In some…

Universal Circuits (UCs) offer a promising approach to hardware Intellectual Property (IP) obfuscation, leveraging cryptographic principles to hide both structure and function in a programmable logic fabric. Their adaptability makes them…

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are crucial security measures nowadays to enforce network security. Their task is to detect anomalies in network communication and identify, if not thwart, possibly malicious behavior. Recently, machine…

Embedded software is developed under the assumption that hardware execution is always correct. Fault attacks break and exploit that assumption. Through the careful introduction of targeted faults, an adversary modifies the control-flow or…

Probabilistic shaping (PS) has been widely studied and applied to optical fiber communications. The encoder of PS expends the number of bit slots and controls the probability distribution of channel input symbols. Not only studies focused…

In the context of hardware trust and assurance, reverse engineering has been often considered as an illegal action. Generally speaking, reverse engineering aims to retrieve information from a product, i.e., integrated circuits (ICs) and…

Secure Function Evaluation (SFE) has received recent attention due to the massive collection and mining of personal data, but remains impractical due to its large computational cost. Garbled Circuits (GC) is a protocol for implementing SFE…

As part of the revelations about the NSA activities, the notion of interdiction has become known to the public: the interception of deliveries to manipulate hardware in a way that backdoors are introduced. Manipulations can occur on the…

The rapid growth of Internet-of-things (IoT) and artificial intelligence applications have called forth a new computing paradigm--edge computing. In this paper, we study the suitability of deploying FPGAs for edge computing from the…

Plagiarism in programming assignments is a persistent issue in computer science education, increasingly complicated by the emergence of automated obfuscation attacks. While software plagiarism detectors are widely used to identify…