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For some applications, we need to deploy a network of sensors in working field to sense the environment and send collected data to a base station for processing; these sensors depend on non-rechargeable batteries, so the routing protocols…

In this paper, we propose Regional Energy Efficient Cluster Heads based on Maximum Energy (REECH-ME) Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) . The main purpose of this protocol is to improve the network lifetime and…

Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is critical to network lifetime and data delivery. However, the primary impediment to the durability and dependability of these sensor nodes is their short battery life. Currently, power-saving…

This paper deals with the routing protocols for distributed wireless sensor networks. The conventional protocols for WSNs like Low Energy adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Stable Election Protocol (SEP), Threshold Sensitive Energy…

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of many individual sensors that are deployed in the area of interest. These sensor nodes have major energy constraints as they are small and their battery can't be replaced. They collaborate together…

A wireless sensor network is composed of many sensor nodes that have been given out in a specific zone and each of them had an ability of collecting information from the environment and sending collected data to the sink. The most…

Energy being the very key concern area with sensor networks, so the main focus lies in developing a mechanism to increase the lifetime of a sensor network by energy balancing. To achieve energy balancing and maximizing network lifetime we…

Energy Conservation and prolonging the life of Wireless Sensor Network is one of the major issues in the wireless sensor network as sensor nodes are highly energy constrained devices. Many routing protocols have been proposed for sensor…

Prolonged network lifetime, scalability and efficient load balancing are essential for optimal performance of a wireless sensor network. Clustering provides an effective way of extending the lifetime of a sensor network. Clustering is the…

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffers from the hot spot problem where the sensor nodes closest to the base station are need to relay more packet than the nodes farther away from the base station. Thus, lifetime of sensory network depends…

In designing wireless sensor networks, it is important to reduce energy dissipation and prolong network lifetime. In this paper, a new model with energy and monitored objects heterogeneity is proposed for heterogeneous wireless sensor…

There are many challenges when designing and deploying wireless sensor networks (WSNs). One of the key challenges is how to make full use of the limited energy to prolong the lifetime of the network, because energy is a valuable resource in…

Ameliorating the lifetime in heterogeneous wireless sensor network is an important task because the sensor nodes are limited in the resource energy. The best way to improve a WSN lifetime is the clustering based algorithms in which each…

This work focusses on analyzing the optimization strategies of routing protocols with respect to energy utilization of sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs). Different routing mechanisms have been proposed to address energy…

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffers from the hot spot problem where the sensor nodes closest to the base station are need to relay more packet than the nodes farther away from the base station. Thus, lifetime of sensory network depends…

Clustering is a promising approach for building hierarchies and simplifying the routing process in mobile ad-hoc network environments. The main objective of clustering is to identify suitable node representatives, i.e. cluster heads (CHs),…

Wireless sensor networks are appearing as an emerging need for mankind. Though, Such networks are still in research phase however, they have high potential to be applied in almost every field of life. Lots of research is done and a lot more…

Efficient energy management is essential in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to extend network lifetime and ensure reliable data transmission. This paper presents a novel method using reinforcement learning-based cluster-head selection and a…

The nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) contain limited energy resources, which are needed to transmit data to base station (BS). Routing protocols are designed to reduce the energy consumption. Clustering algorithms are best in this…

Energy saving to prolong the network life is an important design issue while developing a new routing protocol for wireless sensor network. Clustering is a key technique for this and helps in maximizing the network lifetime and scalability.…