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Training data are usually limited or heterogeneous in many chemical and biological applications. Existing machine learning models for chemistry and materials science fail to consider generalizing beyond training domains. In this article, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Fang Wu , Nicolas Courty , Shuting Jin , Stan Z. Li

Humans excel at discovering regular structures from limited samples and applying inferred rules to novel settings. We investigate whether modern generative models can similarly learn underlying rules from finite samples and perform…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-13 Binxu Wang , Jiaqi Shang , Haim Sompolinsky

Matching animal-like flexibility in recognition and the ability to quickly incorporate new information remains difficult. Limits are yet to be adequately addressed in neural models and recognition algorithms. This work proposes a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2012-06-26 Tsvi Achler

The Gaussian graphical model is a widely used tool for learning gene regulatory networks with high-dimensional gene expression data. Most existing methods for Gaussian graphical models assume that the data are homogeneous, i.e., all samples…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2018-05-08 Bochao Jia , Faming Liang

While neural networks trained for semantic segmentation are essential for perception in autonomous driving, most current algorithms assume a fixed number of classes, presenting a major limitation when developing new autonomous driving…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-05-14 Marvin Klingner , Andreas Bär , Philipp Donn , Tim Fingscheidt

Mixture models are flexible tools in density estimation and classification problems. Bayesian estimation of such models typically relies on sampling from the posterior distribution using Markov chain Monte Carlo. Label switching arises…

应用统计 · 统计学 2014-03-11 Wanchuang Zhu , Yanan Fan

We give a new algorithm for learning mixtures of $k$ Gaussians (with identity covariance in $\mathbb{R}^n$) to TV error $\varepsilon$, with quasi-polynomial ($O(n^{\text{poly\,log}\left(\frac{n+k}{\varepsilon}\right)})$) time and sample…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Khashayar Gatmiry , Jonathan Kelner , Holden Lee

The utility of learning a dynamics/world model of the environment in reinforcement learning has been shown in a many ways. When using neural networks, however, these models suffer catastrophic forgetting when learned in a lifelong or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-12 Nicholas Ketz , Soheil Kolouri , Praveen Pilly

Self-supervised graph representation learning (SSGRL) is a representation learning paradigm used to reduce or avoid manual labeling. An essential part of SSGRL is graph data augmentation. Existing methods usually rely on heuristics commonly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Ahmed E. Samy , Zekarias T. Kefatoa , Sarunas Girdzijauskasa

Graph convolutional networks produce good predictions of unlabeled samples due to its transductive label propagation. Since samples have different predicted confidences, we take high-confidence predictions as pseudo labels to expand the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-07 Kun Zhan , Chaoxi Niu

Majority of state-of-the-art deep learning methods are discriminative approaches, which model the conditional distribution of labels given inputs features. The success of such approaches heavily depends on high-quality labeled instances,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-13 Yanwu Xu , Mingming Gong , Junxiang Chen , Tongliang Liu , Kun Zhang , Kayhan Batmanghelich

We study the effect of high-order statistics of data on the learning dynamics of neural networks (NNs) by using a moment-controllable non-Gaussian data model. Considering the expressivity of two-layer neural networks, we first construct the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-02-03 Onat Ure , Samet Demir , Zafer Dogan

Self-supervised learning provides a promising path towards eliminating the need for costly label information in representation learning on graphs. However, to achieve state-of-the-art performance, methods often need large numbers of…

Central to all machine learning algorithms is data representation. For multi-agent systems, selecting a representation which adequately captures the interactions among agents is challenging due to the latent group structure which tends to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-01 Jennifer Hobbs , Matthew Holbrook , Nathan Frank , Long Sha , Patrick Lucey

In this work, we introduce Adapt & Align, a method for continual learning of neural networks by aligning latent representations in generative models. Neural Networks suffer from abrupt loss in performance when retrained with additional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-22 Kamil Deja , Bartosz Cywiński , Jan Rybarczyk , Tomasz Trzciński

The ever-increasing size of modern data sets combined with the difficulty of obtaining label information has made semi-supervised learning one of the problems of significant practical importance in modern data analysis. We revisit the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2014-11-06 Diederik P. Kingma , Danilo J. Rezende , Shakir Mohamed , Max Welling

A challenge in training discriminative models like neural networks is obtaining enough labeled training data. Recent approaches use generative models to combine weak supervision sources, like user-defined heuristics or knowledge bases, to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-09-29 Paroma Varma , Bryan He , Dan Iter , Peng Xu , Rose Yu , Christopher De Sa , Christopher Ré

Recent advances in generalist robot manipulation leverage pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and large-scale robot demonstrations to tackle diverse tasks in a zero-shot manner. A key challenge remains: scaling high-quality,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Alexander Spiridonov , Jan-Nico Zaech , Nikolay Nikolov , Luc Van Gool , Danda Pani Paudel

Learning latent representations of nodes in graphs is an important and ubiquitous task with widespread applications such as link prediction, node classification, and graph visualization. Previous methods on graph representation learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-18 Aravind Sankar , Yanhong Wu , Liang Gou , Wei Zhang , Hao Yang

We consider a novel data driven approach for designing learning algorithms that can effectively learn with only a small number of labeled examples. This is crucial for modern machine learning applications where labels are scarce or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-01 Maria-Florina Balcan , Dravyansh Sharma