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Many unsupervised visual anomaly detection methods train an auto-encoder to reconstruct normal samples and then leverage the reconstruction error map to detect and localize the anomalies. However, due to the powerful modeling and…

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) learns one-class classifiers exclusively with normal (i.e., healthy) images to detect any abnormal (i.e., unhealthy) samples that do not conform to the expected normal patterns. UAD has two main…

Unsupervised anomaly detection in medical imaging aims to detect and localize arbitrary anomalies without requiring annotated anomalous data during training. Often, this is achieved by learning a data distribution of normal samples and…

Universal anomaly detection still remains a challenging problem in machine learning and medical image analysis. It is possible to learn an expected distribution from a single class of normative samples, e.g., through epistemic uncertainty…

Anomaly detection is an important task for complex systems (e.g., industrial facilities, manufacturing, large-scale science experiments), where failures in a sub-system can lead to low yield, faulty products, or even damage to components.…

Anomalies are samples that significantly deviate from the rest of the data and their detection plays a major role in building machine learning models that can be reliably used in applications such as data-driven design and novelty…

Distance-based anomaly detection methods rely on compact in-distribution (ID) embeddings that are well separated from anomalies. However, conventional contrastive learning strategies often struggle to achieve this balance, either promoting…

Anomaly detection and localization in images is a growing field in computer vision. In this area, a seemingly understudied problem is anomaly clustering, i.e., identifying and grouping different types of anomalies in a fully unsupervised…

Anomaly detection in medical imaging is to distinguish the relevant biomarkers of diseases from those of normal tissues. Deep supervised learning methods have shown potentials in various detection tasks, but its performances would be…

Contrastive learning, which aims to capture general representation from unlabeled images to initialize the medical analysis models, has been proven effective in alleviating the high demand for expensive annotations. Current methods mainly…

The detection and the quantification of anomalies in image data are critical tasks in industrial scenes such as detecting micro scratches on product. In recent years, due to the difficulty of defining anomalies and the limit of correcting…

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection has become a popular method to detect pathologies in medical images as it does not require supervision or labels for training. Most commonly, the anomaly detection model generates a "normal" version of an…

Anomaly detection is being regarded as an unsupervised learning task as anomalies stem from adversarial or unlikely events with unknown distributions. However, the predictive performance of purely unsupervised anomaly detection often fails…

Anomaly detection is to recognize samples that differ in some respect from the training observations. These samples which do not conform to the distribution of normal data are called outliers or anomalies. In real-world anomaly detection…

Anomalies can be defined as any non-random structure which deviates from normality. Anomaly detection methods reported in the literature are numerous and diverse, as what is considered anomalous usually varies depending on particular…

Anomaly detection (AD) is the machine learning task of identifying highly discrepant abnormal samples by solely relying on the consistency of the normal training samples. Under the constraints of a distribution shift, the assumption that…

The detection and localization of anomalies is one important medical image analysis task. Most commonly, Computer Vision anomaly detection approaches rely on manual annotations that are both time consuming and expensive to obtain.…

Existing approaches towards anomaly detection~(AD) often rely on a substantial amount of anomaly-free data to train representation and density models. However, large anomaly-free datasets may not always be available before the inference…

Anomaly detection in medical imaging plays a crucial role in identifying pathological regions across various imaging modalities, such as brain MRI, liver CT, and carotid ultrasound (US). However, training fully supervised segmentation…

Training image-based object detectors presents formidable challenges, as it entails not only the complexities of object detection but also the added intricacies of precisely localizing objects within potentially diverse and noisy…