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Thanks to the advances in modern instrumentation we have learned about many exoplanets that span a wide range of masses and composition. Studying their atmospheres provides insight into planetary origin, evolution, dynamics, and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-09-18 D. Shulyak , M. Rengel , A. Reiners , U. Seemann , F. Yan

Motivated by the development of high-dispersion spectrographs in the mid-infrared (MIR) range, we study their application to the atmospheric characterization of nearby non-transiting temperate terrestrial planets around M-type stars. We…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-24 Yuka Fujii , Taro Matsuo

The recent transit observation of HD 209458 b - an extrasolar planet orbiting a sun-like star - confirmed that it is a gas giant and determined that its orbital inclination is 85 degrees. This inclination makes possible investigations of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 S. Seager , D. D. Sasselov

We highlight the importance of transit observations on understanding the physics of planetary atmospheres and interiors. Transmission spectra and emission spectra allow us to characterize this exotic atmospheres, which possess TiO, VO, H2O,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-02-01 Jonathan J. Fortney

Thousands of transiting exoplanets have been discovered, but spectral analysis of their atmospheres has so far been dominated by a small number of exoplanets and data spanning relatively narrow wavelength ranges (such as 1.1 to 1.7 {\mu}m).…

Many parameters constraining the spectral appearance of exoplanets are still poorly understood. We therefore study the properties of irradiated exoplanet atmospheres over a wide parameter range including metallicity, C/O ratio and host…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-11-04 Paul Mollière , Roy van Boekel , Cornelis Petrus Dullemond , Thomas Henning , Christoph Mordasini

The Great Oxidation Event was a period during which Earth's atmospheric oxygen (O$_2$) concentrations increased from $\sim 10^{-5}$ times its present atmospheric level (PAL) to near modern levels, marking the start of the Proterozoic…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-09-28 Gregory Cooke , Dan Marsh , Catherine Walsh , Sarah Rugheimer , Geronimo Villanueva

Transmission spectroscopy has been successfully used from both the ground and in space to characterise the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. This technique is challenging from the ground because ground-based spectrographs tend not to be…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 C. M. Copperwheat , P. J. Wheatley , J. Southworth , J. Bento , T. R. Marsh , V. S. Dhillon , J. J. Fortney , S. P. Littlefair , R. Hickman

Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets is a tool to characterize rocky planets and explore their habitability. Using the Earth itself as a proxy, we model the atmospheric cross section as a function of wavelength, and show the effect of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-03-23 Y. Betremieux , L. Kaltenegger

[Abridged] The transmission of light through a planetary atmosphere can be studied as a function of altitude and wavelength using stellar or solar occultations, giving often unique constraints on the atmospheric composition. For exoplanets,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 R. J. de Kok , D. M. Stam

Understanding the surface temperature and interior structure of cold-to-temperate sub-Neptunes is critical for assessing their habitability, yet direct observations are challenging. In this study, we investigate the impact of water…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-09-05 Ziyu Huang , Xinting Yu , Shang-Min Tsai , Julianne I. Moses , Kazumasa Ohno , Joshua Krissansen-Totton , Xi Zhang , Jonathan Fortney

Warm Jupiters are ideal laboratories for testing the limitations of current tools for atmospheric studies. The cross-correlation technique is a commonly used method to investigate the atmospheres of close-in planets, leveraging their large…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-02 Bibiana Prinoth , Elyar Sedaghati , Julia V. Seidel , H. Jens Hoeijmakers , Rafael Brahm , Brian Thorsbro , Andrés Jordán

Investigating the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets is key to performing comparative planetology between these worlds and the terrestrial planets that reside in the inner solar system. Terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres exhibit weak signals,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-06-19 Hannah Diamond-Lowe , Zachory Berta-Thompson , David Charbonneau , Jason Dittmann , Eliza M. -R. Kempton

Hot Jupiters are the most studied and easily detectable exoplanets for transit observations.However, the correlation between the atmospheric flow and the emission spectra of such planets is still not understood. Due to huge day-night…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-04 Soumya Sengupta , Sujan Sengupta

We perform modeling investigations to aid in understanding the atmospheres and composition of small planets of ~2-4 Earth radii, which are now known to be common in our galaxy. GJ 1214b is a well studied example whose atmospheric…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 Jonathan J. Fortney , Christoph Mordasini , Nadine Nettelmann , Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Thomas P. Greene , Kevin Zahnle

We present here the analysis of 30 gaseous extrasolar planets, with temperatures between 600 and 2400 K and radii between 0.35 and 1.9 $R_\mathrm{Jup}$. The quality of the HST/WFC3 spatially scanned data combined with our specialized…

Transit spectroscopy is a powerful tool for probing atmospheric structures of exoplanets. Accurately accounting for the effects of aerosols is key to reconstructing atmospheric properties from transit spectra, yet this remains a significant…

Among the many recommendations of the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020, we found that a priority area of research is to pave the pathways towards finding and characterizing habitable worlds. In this context, we aim to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-01-13 Leonardo A. Dos Santos , Eric D. Lopez

We quantify the effects of refraction in transit transmission spectroscopy on spectral absorption features and on temporal variations that could be used to obtain altitude-dependent spectra for planets orbiting stars of different stellar…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-08-19 Amit Misra , Victoria Meadows , Dave Crisp

We calculated an atmospheric grid for hot mini-Neptune and giant exoplanets, that links astrophysical observable parameters- orbital distance and stellar type- with the chemical atmospheric species expected. The grid can be applied to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-17 Yamila Miguel , Lisa Kaltenegger