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Grading exams is an important, labor-intensive, subjective, repetitive, and frequently challenging task. The feasibility of autograding textual responses has greatly increased thanks to the availability of large language models (LLMs) such…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-09 Johannes Schneider , Bernd Schenk , Christina Niklaus

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to automate student assessment in education. Among different types of assessments, summative assessments play a crucial role in evaluating a student's…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Dishank Aggarwal , Pritam Sil , Bhaskaran Raman , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Developing dataset-specific models involves iterative fine-tuning and optimization, incurring significant costs over time. This study investigates the transferability of state-of-the-art (SOTA) models trained on established datasets to an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-25 Sridevi Bonthu , S. Rama Sree , M. H. M. Krishna Prasad

Automated short answer grading (ASAG) has gained attention in education as a means to scale educational tasks to the growing number of students. Recent progress in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning has largely influenced the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-08 Stefan Haller , Adina Aldea , Christin Seifert , Nicola Strisciuglio

Open-ended questions, which require students to produce multi-word, nontrivial responses, are a popular tool for formative assessment as they provide more specific insights into what students do and don't know. However, grading open-ended…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Owen Henkel , Libby Hills , Bill Roberts , Joshua McGrane

Automated short-answer grading (ASAG) remains a challenging task due to the linguistic variability of student responses and the need for nuanced, rubric-aligned partial credit. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Haotian Deng , Chris Farber , Jiyoon Lee , David Tang

Automatic assessment needs short answer based evaluation and automated assessment. Various techniques used are Ontology, Semantic similarity matching and Statistical methods. An automatic short answer assessment system is attempted in this…

其他计算机科学 · 计算机科学 2010-11-09 P. Selvi , A. K. Bnerjee

Automatic short answer grading is an important research direction in the exploration of how to use artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools to improve education. Current state-of-the-art approaches use neural language models to create…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-07-12 Mengxue Zhang , Sami Baral , Neil Heffernan , Andrew Lan

Automated short answer scoring (ASAS) is shifting from discriminative, fine-tuned models to large language models (LLMs) used in few-shot settings. This paradigm leverages LLMs broad world knowledge and ease of deployment, but limited…

Automated grading has become an essential tool in education technology due to its ability to efficiently assess large volumes of student work, provide consistent and unbiased evaluations, and deliver immediate feedback to enhance learning.…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 Calvin Yeung , Jeff Yu , King Chau Cheung , Tat Wing Wong , Chun Man Chan , Kin Chi Wong , Keisuke Fujii

Autograding short textual answers has become much more feasible due to the rise of NLP and the increased availability of question-answer pairs brought about by a shift to online education. Autograding performance is still inferior to human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-11 Johannes Schneider , Robin Richner , Micha Riser

Smart Reply (SR) systems present a user with a set of replies, of which one can be selected in place of having to type out a response. To perform well at this task, a system should be able to effectively present the user with a diverse set…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Benjamin Towle , Ke Zhou

The use of automatic short answer grading (ASAG) models may help alleviate the time burden of grading while encouraging educators to frequently incorporate open-ended items in their curriculum. However, current state-of-the-art ASAG models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-02 Aubrey Condor , Zachary Pardos

Open-ended short-answer questions (SAGs) have been widely recognized as a powerful tool for providing deeper insights into learners' responses in the context of learning analytics (LA). However, SAGs often present challenges in practice due…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Yucheng Chu , Hang Li , Kaiqi Yang , Harry Shomer , Hui Liu , Yasemin Copur-Gencturk , Jiliang Tang

Automated essay scoring plays an important role in judging students' language abilities in education. Traditional approaches use handcrafted features to score and are time-consuming and complicated. Recently, neural network approaches have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-08 You-Jin Jong , Yong-Jin Kim , Ok-Chol Ri

Few-shot text classification aims to classify the text under the few-shot scenario. Most of the previous methods adopt optimization-based meta learning to obtain task distribution. However, due to the neglect of matching between the few…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-31 Tianyi Lei , Honghui Hu , Qiaoyang Luo , Dezhong Peng , Xu Wang

In the era of Model-as-a-Service, organizations increasingly rely on third-party AI models for rapid deployment. However, the dynamic nature of emerging AI applications, the continual introduction of new datasets, and the growing number of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Zihan Zhu , Yanqiu Wu , Qiongkai Xu

We investigate the effectiveness of ensembles of pretrained transformer-based language models on short answer questions using the Kaggle Automated Short Answer Scoring dataset. We fine-tune a collection of popular small, base, and large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-24 Christopher Ormerod

Recommender Systems (RSs) in real-world applications often deal with billions of user interactions daily. To capture the most recent trends effectively, it is common to update the model incrementally using only the newly arrived data.…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-11-09 Danni Peng , Sinno Jialin Pan , Jie Zhang , Anxiang Zeng

We investigate parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods that can provide good accuracy under limited computational and memory budgets in the context of large language models (LLMs). We present a new PEFT method called Robust…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Mahdi Nikdan , Soroush Tabesh , Elvir Crnčević , Dan Alistarh