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We consider the mathematical background of the wavefront sensor type that is widely used in Adaptive Optics systems for astronomy, microscopy, and ophthalmology. The theoretical analysis of the pyramid sensor forward operators presented in…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-05-01 Victoria Hutterer , Ronny Ramlau , Iuliia Shatokhina

With its high sensitivity, the Pyramid wavefront sensor (PyWFS) is becoming an advantageous sensor for astronomical adaptive optics (AO) systems. However, this sensor exhibits significant non-linear behaviours leading to challenging AO…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-05-12 Vincent Chambouleyron , Olivier Fauvarque , Jean-François Sauvage , Benoît Neichel , Thierry Fusco

The pyramid wavefront sensor (P-WFS) has replaced the Shack-Hartmann (SH-) WFS as sensor of choice for high performance adaptive optics (AO) systems in astronomy because of its flexibility in pupil sampling, its dynamic range, and its…

Electro-Multiplying CCDs offer a unique combination of speed, sub-electron noise and quantum efficiency. These features make them extremely attractive for astronomical adaptive optics. The SOUL project selected the Ocam2k from FLI as camera…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-01-01 Guido Agapito , Tommaso Mazzoni , Fabio Rossi , Alfio Puglisi , Cedric Plantet , Enrico Pinna

There are scientific and technological needs to improve the co-phasing of the primary mirrors of segmented telescopes. We have developed a methodology for using the wavefront sensor of an adaptive optics (AO) system to disentangle the phase…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-03-05 Benjamin Calvin , Michael Fitzgerald , Sam Ragland

Extreme adaptive optics (AO) is crucial for enabling the contrasts needed for ground-based high contrast imaging instruments to detect exoplanets. Pushing exoplanet imaging detection sensitivities towards lower mass, closer separations, and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-07-29 Benjamin L. Gerard , Vincent Chambouleyron , Rebecca Jensen-Clem , Jean-François Sauvage

MAPS, MMT Adaptive optics exoPlanet characterization System, is the upgrade of legacy 6.5m MMT adaptive optics system. It is an NSF MSIP-funded project that includes (i) refurbishing of the MMT Adaptive Secondary Mirror (ASM), (ii) new high…

Current designs for all three extremely large telescopes show the overwhelming adoption of the pyramid wavefront sensor (P-WFS) as the WFS of choice for adaptive optics (AO) systems sensing on natural guide stars (NGS) or extended objects.…

Future large space telescopes will be equipped with adaptive optics (AO) to overcome wavefront aberrations and achieve high contrast for imaging faint astronomical objects, such as earth-like exoplanets and debris disks. In contrast to AO…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2020-01-07 He Sun , N. Jeremy Kasdin , Robert Vanderbei

Over the past fifty years, wavefront sensing technology has continuously evolved from basic techniques to high-precision systems, serving as a core methodology in adaptive optics (AO). Beyond traditional wavefront retrieval methods based on…

光学 · 物理学 2025-05-13 Rundong Fan , Zichao Wang , Pei Li , Lei Huang

Adaptive optics systems correct atmospheric turbulence in real time. Most adaptive optics systems used routinely correct in the near infrared, at wavelengths greater than 1 micron. MagAO- X is a new extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) instrument…

Adaptive optics (AO) instruments for the future extremely large telescopes (ELTs) are characterized by advanced optical systems with diffraction-limited optical quality. Low geometric distortion is also crucial for high accuracy astrometric…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-04-02 Mauro Patti , Matteo Lombini , Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli , Emiliano Diolaiti

Astronomical telescopes suffer from a tradeoff between field of view (FoV) and image resolution: increasing the FoV leads to an optical field that is under-sampled by the science camera. This work presents a novel computational imaging…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-08-07 Robin Swanson , Esther Y. H. Lin , Masen Lamb , Suresh Sivanandam , Kiriakos N. Kutulakos

The ELT is a 39m large, ground-based optical and near- to mid-infrared telescope under construction in the Chilean Atacama desert. Operation is planned to start around the middle of the next decade. All first light instruments will come…

Exoplanet imaging has thus far enabled studies of wide-orbit ($>$10 AU) giant planet ($>$2 Jupiter masses) formation and giant planet atmospheres, with future 30 meter-class Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) needed to image and characterize…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-08-14 Benjamin L. Gerard , Daren Dillon , Sylvain Cetre , Rebecca Jensen-Clem

In this paper, we address the inverse problem of fast, stable, and high-quality wavefront reconstruction from pyramid wavefront sensor data for Adaptive Optics systems on Extremely Large Telescopes. For solving the indicated problem we…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-05-01 Victoria Hutterer , Ronny Ramlau , Iuliia Shatokhina

The Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) is a unique telescope featuring two co-mounted optical trains with 8.4m primary mirrors. The telescope Adaptive Optics (AO) system uses two innovative key components, namely an adaptive secondary mirror…

Advanced AO systems will likely utilise Pyramid wave-front sensors (PWFS) over the traditional Shack-Hartmann sensor in the quest for increased sensitivity, peak performance and ultimate contrast. Here, we wish to bring knowledge and…

Extremely Large Telescopes have overwhelmingly opted for the Pyramid wavefront sensor (PyWFS) over the more widely used Shack-Hartmann WaveFront Sensor (SHWFS) to perform their Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics (SCAO) mode. The PyWFS, a…

Wavefront sensing and control are important for enabling one of the key advantages of using large apertures, namely higher angular resolutions. Pyramid wavefront sensors are becoming commonplace in new instrument designs owing to their…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-03-20 Julien Lozi , Nemanja Jovanovic , Olivier Guyon , Mark Chun , Shane Jacobson , Sean Goebel , Frantz Martinache
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