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Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy is still a rather young field of research, with strong historical connections to particle physics. This is why most observations are conducted by experiments with proprietary data and analysis software, as…

In gamma-ray astronomy, a variety of data formats and proprietary software have been traditionally used, often developed for one specific mission or experiment. Especially for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs),…

The analysis and combination of data from different gamma-ray instruments involves the use of collaboration proprietary software and case-by-case methods. The effort of defining a common data format for high-level data, namely event lists…

The operation of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), the next generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), as an Open Observatory requires data products and analysis tools to be accessible and usable by the…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-01-18 Cosimo Nigro , Tarek Hassan

Most major scientific results produced by ground-based gamma-ray telescopes in the last 30 years have been obtained by expert members of the collaborations operating these instruments. This is due to the proprietary data and software…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-10-01 C. Nigro , T. Hassan , L. Olivera-Nieto

Instruments for gamma-ray astronomy at Very High Energies ($E>100\,{\rm GeV}$) have traditionally derived their scientific results through proprietary data and software. Data standardisation has become a prominent issue in this field both…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-09-16 S. Abe , J. Abhir , A. Abhishek , V. A. Acciari , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , C. Arcaro , M. Artero , K. Asano , A. Babić , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , I. Batković , A. Bautista , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , J. Besenrieder , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Ž. Bošnjak , E. Bronzini , I. Burelli , G. Busetto , A. Campoy-Ordaz , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , M. Carretero-Castrillo , A. J. Castro-Tirado , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , Y. Chai , A. Cifuentes , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , G. D'Amico , V. D'Elia , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , R. de Menezes , M. Delfino , J. Delgado , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , A. Fattorini , L. Foffano , L. Font , S. Fröse , S. Fukami , Y. Fukazawa , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , M. Gaug , J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. G. Green , P. Günther , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , L. Heckmann , J. Herrera Llorente , D. Hrupec , M. Hütten , R. Imazawa , K. Ishio , I. Jiménez Martínez , J. Jormanainen , T. Kayanoki , D. Kerszberg , G. W. Kluge , Y. Kobayashi , P. M. Kouch , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , M. Láinez , A. Lamastra , F. Leone , E. Lindfors , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , A. Lorini , E. Lyard , B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , M. Martínez-Chicharro , A. Mas-Aguilar , D. Mazin , S. Menchiari , S. Mender , D. Miceli , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero González , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , T. Nakamori , C. Nanci , V. Neustroev , L. Nickel , M. Nievas Rosillo , C. Nigro , L. Nikolić , K. Nishijima , T. Njoh Ekoume , K. Noda , S. Nozaki , Y. Ohtani , A. Okumura , J. Otero-Santos , S. Paiano , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Peresano , M. Persic , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , F. Podobnik , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , G. Principe , C. Priyadarshi , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , C. Righi , N. Sahakyan , T. Saito , F. G. Saturni , K. Schmidt , F. Schmuckermaier , J. L. Schubert , T. Schweizer , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , D. Sobczynska , A. Spolon , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , S. Suutarinen , H. Tajima , M. Takahashi , R. Takeishi , P. Temnikov , K. Terauchi , T. Terzić , M. Teshima , S. Truzzi , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , J. van Scherpenberg , M. Vazquez Acosta , S. Ventura , I. Viale , C. F. Vigorito , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , R. Walter , M. Will , C. Wunderlich , T. Yamamoto , L. Jouvin , L. Linhoff , M. Linhoff

In very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy, the community is converging towards the use of a common open data format, called "Data formats for Gamma-ray Astronomy", for the high-level data products. This format is in use for ground-based…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-08-28 B. Khélifi , R. Zanin , K. Kosack , L. Olivera-Nieto , J. Schnabel

The standardisation of gamma-ray astronomical data emerged in recent years as a necessity for the future generation of gamma-ray observatories. Nevertheless, adopting a common format for gamma-ray instruments can already benefit the current…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-02-28 Cosimo Nigro

Thanks to the success of current gamma-ray telescopes (Fermi, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS), and in view of the prospects of planned observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) or the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory…

In the past decade imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays such as H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, as well as the Fermi-LAT space telescope have provided us with detailed images and spectra of the gamma-ray universe for the first time.…

Gamma-ray astronomy is able to acquire large data volumes that astronomers use to draw scientific conclusions from. Ensuring the possibility of accessing and utilizing this data also after the lifetime of currently running experiments…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-12-01 C. P. Walther , C. Nigro , D. Elsässer , W. Rhode

The field of gamma-ray astronomy has seen important progress during the last decade, yet there exists so far no common software framework for the scientific analysis of gamma-ray telescope data. We propose to fill this gap by means of the…

Gammapy is a Python package for high-level gamma-ray data analysis built on Numpy, Scipy and Astropy. It enables us to analyze gamma-ray data and to create sky images, spectra and lightcurves, from event lists and instrument response…

With the advent of a new generation of telescopes (INTEGRAL, Fermi, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS, MILAGRO) and the prospects of planned observatories such as CTA or HAWC, gamma-ray astronomy is becoming an integral part of modern astrophysical…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2011-10-31 Jürgen Knödlseder

The landscape of ground-based gamma-ray astronomy is drastically changing with the perspective of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) composed of more than 100 Cherenkov telescopes. For the first time in this energy domain, CTA will be…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-11-22 Mathieu Servillat , Catherine Boisson , Julien Lefaucheur , Johan Brégeon , Michèle Sanguillon , Jose-Luis Contreras

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory will probe the non-thermal universe above 20 GeV up to several hundreds of TeV with a significant improvement in sensitivity and angular resolution compared to current experiments. Its…

Very High Energy gamma-ray astronomy with the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is evolving towards the model of a public observatory. Handling, processing and archiving the large amount of data generated by the CTA instruments and delivering…

Since its start in 2014, the lightweight open source Python library Gammapy has come a long way to become a popular data analysis package for high-energy astrophysics. Selected as the official CTAO Science Analysis tool, it is also an…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-08-28 B. Khélifi , R. Terrier , A. Donath , A. Sinha , Q. Remy , F. Pintore

We highlight here several solutions developed to make high-level Cherenkov data FAIR: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. The first three FAIR principles may be ensured by properly indexing the data and using community…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2022-01-11 Mathieu Servillat , Catherine Boisson , Matthias Fuessling , Bruno Khelifi
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