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Pooling is a critical operation in convolutional neural networks for increasing receptive fields and improving robustness to input variations. Most existing pooling operations downsample the feature maps, which is a lossy process. Moreover,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-05 Jiaojiao Zhao , Cees G. M. Snoek

Recently many effective attention modules are proposed to boot the model performance by exploiting the internal information of convolutional neural networks in computer vision. In general, many previous works ignore considering the design…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Shanshan Zhong , Wushao Wen , Jinghui Qin

Many theories have emerged which investigate how in- variance is generated in hierarchical networks through sim- ple schemes such as max and mean pooling. The restriction to max/mean pooling in theoretical and empirical studies has diverted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-02-27 Dipan K. Pal , Vishnu Boddeti , Marios Savvides

We reduce training time in convolutional networks (CNNs) with a method that, for some of the mini-batches: a) scales down the resolution of input images via downsampling, and b) reduces the forward pass operations via pooling on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-16 Zissis Poulos , Ali Nouri , Andreas Moshovos

The goal of this paper is to introduce pooling strategies for simplicial convolutional neural networks. Inspired by graph pooling methods, we introduce a general formulation for a simplicial pooling layer that performs: i) local aggregation…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-10-12 Domenico Mattia Cinque , Claudio Battiloro , Paolo Di Lorenzo

Graph Neural Networks achieve state-of-the-art performance on a plethora of graph classification tasks, especially due to pooling operators, which aggregate learned node embeddings hierarchically into a final graph representation. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-09 Alexandre Duval , Fragkiskos Malliaros

The pooling operation is a cornerstone element of convolutional neural networks. These elements generate receptive fields for neurons, in which local perturbations should have minimal effect on the output activations, increasing robustness…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-11-10 Dóra Babicz , Soma Kontár , Márk Pető , András Fülöp , Gergely Szabó , András Horváth

Most recent CNN architectures use average pooling as a final feature encoding step. In the field of fine-grained recognition, however, recent global representations like bilinear pooling offer improved performance. In this paper, we…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-07-21 Marcel Simon , Yang Gao , Trevor Darrell , Joachim Denzler , Erik Rodner

Downsampling layers, including pooling and strided convolutions, are crucial components of the convolutional neural network architecture that determine both the granularity/scale of image feature analysis as well as the receptive field size…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-22 Mehraveh Javan , Matthew Toews , Marco Pedersoli

In most convolution neural networks (CNNs), downsampling hidden layers is adopted for increasing computation efficiency and the receptive field size. Such operation is commonly so-called pooling. Maximation and averaging over sliding…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-10-12 Hao Zhang , Jianwei Ma

Spatial downsampling layers are favored in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to downscale feature maps for larger receptive fields and less memory consumption. However, for discriminative tasks, there is a possibility that these layers…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-08-28 Ziteng Gao , Limin Wang , Gangshan Wu

Modern convolutional networks are not shift-invariant, as small input shifts or translations can cause drastic changes in the output. Commonly used downsampling methods, such as max-pooling, strided-convolution, and average-pooling, ignore…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-06-11 Richard Zhang

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have shown their promise as a universal representation for recognition. However, global CNN activations lack geometric invariance, which limits their robustness for classification and matching of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2014-09-10 Yunchao Gong , Liwei Wang , Ruiqi Guo , Svetlana Lazebnik

Max-Pooling operations are a core component of deep learning architectures. In particular, they are part of most convolutional architectures used in machine vision, since pooling is a natural approach to pattern detection problems. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-05 Alon Brutzkus , Amir Globerson

We introduce a simple and effective method for regularizing large convolutional neural networks. We replace the conventional deterministic pooling operations with a stochastic procedure, randomly picking the activation within each pooling…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2013-01-17 Matthew D. Zeiler , Rob Fergus

Recently, dropout has seen increasing use in deep learning. For deep convolutional neural networks, dropout is known to work well in fully-connected layers. However, its effect in pooling layers is still not clear. This paper demonstrates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-12-07 Haibing Wu , Xiaodong Gu

Images captured nowadays are of varying dimensions with smartphones and DSLR's allowing users to choose from a list of available image resolutions. It is therefore imperative for forensic algorithms such as resampling detection to scale…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-04-29 Mohit Lamba , Kaushik Mitra

Image classification is considered, and a hierarchical max-pooling model with additional local pooling is introduced. Here the additional local pooling enables the hierachical model to combine parts of the image which have a variable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-06-10 Benjamin Walter

Recently, dropout has seen increasing use in deep learning. For deep convolutional neural networks, dropout is known to work well in fully-connected layers. However, its effect in convolutional and pooling layers is still not clear. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-12-02 Haibing Wu , Xiaodong Gu

Standard Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) designed for computer vision tasks tend to have large intermediate activation maps. These require large working memory and are thus unsuitable for deployment on resource-constrained devices…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-10-26 Oindrila Saha , Aditya Kusupati , Harsha Vardhan Simhadri , Manik Varma , Prateek Jain