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Inspired by the principle of deliberate practice in human learning, we propose Deliberate Practice for Synthetic Data Generation (DP), a novel framework that improves sample efficiency through dynamic synthetic data generation. Prior work…

In reinforcement learning (RL) , one of the key components is policy evaluation, which aims to estimate the value function (i.e., expected long-term accumulated reward) of a policy. With a good policy evaluation method, the RL algorithms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-09-25 Yue Wang , Wei Chen , Yuting Liu , Zhi-Ming Ma , Tie-Yan Liu

In most real-world reinforcement learning applications, state information is only partially observable, which breaks the Markov decision process assumption and leads to inferior performance for algorithms that conflate observations with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Hongming Zhang , Tongzheng Ren , Chenjun Xiao , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai

We study the optimal sample complexity in large-scale Reinforcement Learning (RL) problems with policy space generalization, i.e. the agent has a prior knowledge that the optimal policy lies in a known policy space. Existing results show…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-18 Wenlong Mou , Zheng Wen , Xi Chen

We introduce and study constrained Markov Decision Processes (cMDPs) with anytime constraints. An anytime constraint requires the agent to never violate its budget at any point in time, almost surely. Although Markovian policies are no…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Jeremy McMahan , Xiaojin Zhu

We study the $(\varepsilon, \delta)$-PAC policy identification problem in finite-horizon episodic Markov Decision Processes. Existing approaches provide finite-time guarantees for approximate settings ($\varepsilon>0$) but suffer from high…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Cyrille Kone , Kevin Jamieson

In this work, we study the problem of actively classifying the attributes of dynamical systems characterized as a finite set of Markov decision process (MDP) models. We are interested in finding strategies that actively interact with the…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-01-06 Bo Wu , Niklas Lauffer , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Suda Bharadwaj , Zhe Xu , Ufuk Topcu

We study off-policy evaluation and learning from sequential data in a structured class of Markov decision processes that arise from repeated interactions with an exogenous sequence of arrivals with contexts, which generate unknown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-20 Nathan Kallus , Angela Zhou

The problem of selecting the right state-representation in a reinforcement learning problem is considered. Several models (functions mapping past observations to a finite set) of the observations are given, and it is known that for at least…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2013-02-12 Odalric-Ambrym Maillard , Rémi Munos , Daniil Ryabko

Data acquisition efficiency is a central challenge in deploying reinforcement learning in business and healthcare operations, where interactions are costly, slow, and often involve humans in the loop. This paper develops a unified large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Mingjie Hu , Jian-Qiang Hu , Enlu Zhou

Supervised learning deals with the inference of a distribution over an output or label space $\CY$ conditioned on points in an observation space $\CX$, given a training dataset $D$ of pairs in $\CX \times \CY$. However, in a lot of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2007-11-15 Christos Dimitrakakis , Christian Savu-Krohn

We study the statistical complexity of offline decision-making with function approximation, establishing (near) minimax-optimal rates for stochastic contextual bandits and Markov decision processes. The performance limits are captured by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-14 Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Raman Arora

The use of reinforcement learning (RL) in scientific applications, such as materials design and automated chemistry, is increasing. A major challenge, however, lies in fact that measuring the state of the system is often costly and time…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-08 Colin Bellinger , Andriy Drozdyuk , Mark Crowley , Isaac Tamblyn

One of the notorious issues for Reinforcement Learning (RL) is poor sample efficiency. Compared to single agent RL, the sample efficiency for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is more challenging because of its inherent partial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Linjie Xu , Zichuan Liu , Alexander Dockhorn , Diego Perez-Liebana , Jinyu Wang , Lei Song , Jiang Bian

Off-policy deep reinforcement learning (RL) typically leverages replay buffers for reusing past experiences during learning. This can help improve sample efficiency when the collected data is informative and aligned with the learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Jiashun Liu , Johan Obando-Ceron , Pablo Samuel Castro , Aaron Courville , Ling Pan

One of the key approaches to save samples in reinforcement learning (RL) is to use knowledge from an approximate model such as its simulator. However, how much does an approximate model help to learn a near-optimal policy of the true…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-15 Fei Feng , Wotao Yin , Lin F. Yang

POMDPs capture a broad class of decision making problems, but hardness results suggest that learning is intractable even in simple settings due to the inherent partial observability. However, in many realistic problems, more information is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-07 Jonathan N. Lee , Alekh Agarwal , Christoph Dann , Tong Zhang

The era of huge data necessitates highly efficient machine learning algorithms. Many common machine learning algorithms, however, rely on computationally intensive subroutines that are prohibitively expensive on large datasets. Oftentimes,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-26 Mo Tiwari

Active learning allows machine learning models to be trained using fewer labels while retaining similar performance to traditional supervised learning. An active learner selects the most informative data points, requests their labels, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-22 Zac Pullar-Strecker , Katharina Dost , Eibe Frank , Jörg Wicker

We present a new algorithm based on posterior sampling for learning in constrained Markov decision processes (CMDP) in the infinite-horizon undiscounted setting. The algorithm achieves near-optimal regret bounds while being advantageous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-28 Danil Provodin , Pratik Gajane , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Maurits Kaptein