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Success of deep neural networks in diverse tasks across domains of computer vision, speech recognition and natural language processing, has necessitated understanding the dynamics of training process and also working of trained models. Two…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-09-06 Yogesh Kochar , Sunil Kumar Vengalil , Neelam Sinha

Activation functions play a critical role in the performance and behaviour of neural networks, significantly impacting their ability to learn and generalise. Traditional activation functions, such as ReLU, sigmoid, and tanh, have been…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-27 Benjamin David Winter , William John Teahan

In the current research of neural networks, the activation function is manually specified by human and not able to change themselves during training. This paper focus on how to make the activation function trainable for deep neural…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-06-08 Zhaohe Liao

Selecting the most suitable activation function is a critical factor in the effectiveness of deep learning models, as it influences their learning capacity, stability, and computational efficiency. In recent years, the Gaussian Error Linear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Minhyeok Lee

Different activation functions work best for different deep learning models. To exploit this, we leverage recent advancements in gradient-based search techniques for neural architectures to efficiently identify high-performing activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-14 Lukas Strack , Mahmoud Safari , Frank Hutter

In recent years, functional neural networks have been proposed and studied in order to approximate nonlinear continuous functionals defined on $L^p([-1, 1]^s)$ for integers $s\ge1$ and $1\le p<\infty$. However, their theoretical properties…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-04-11 Linhao Song , Jun Fan , Di-Rong Chen , Ding-Xuan Zhou

We employ adaptive activation functions for regression in deep and physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to approximate smooth and discontinuous functions as well as solutions of linear and nonlinear partial differential equations. In…

计算物理 · 物理学 2020-01-29 Ameya D. Jagtap , George Em Karniadakis

Activation functions have come up as one of the essential components of neural networks. The choice of adequate activation function can impact the accuracy of these methods. In this study, we experiment for finding an optimal activation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-25 Vipul Bansal

There has been a growing interest in expressivity of deep neural networks. However, most of the existing work about this topic focuses only on the specific activation function such as ReLU or sigmoid. In this paper, we investigate the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-07-24 Ilsang Ohn , Yongdai Kim

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising approach for solving Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). However, they face challenges related to spectral bias (the tendency to learn low-frequency components while…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Afrah Farea , Mustafa Serdar Celebi

This paper provides an analysis of state-of-the-art activation functions with respect to supervised classification of deep neural network. These activation functions comprise of Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), Exponential Linear Unit (ELU),…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-07 Anh Nguyen , Khoa Pham , Dat Ngo , Thanh Ngo , Lam Pham

Activation functions can have a significant impact on reducing the topological complexity of input data and therefore improve the performance of the model. Selecting a suitable activation function is an essential step in neural model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-15 Haishuo Fang , Ji-Ung Lee , Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Iryna Gurevych

The activation function plays a crucial role in model optimisation, yet the optimal choice remains unclear. For example, the Sigmoid activation is the de-facto activation in balanced classification tasks, however, in imbalanced…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Konstantinos Panagiotis Alexandridis , Jiankang Deng , Anh Nguyen , Shan Luo

The nonlinearity of activation functions used in deep learning models are crucial for the success of predictive models. There are several commonly used simple nonlinear functions, including Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) and Leaky-ReLU…

It is well-known that overparametrized neural networks trained using gradient-based methods quickly achieve small training error with appropriate hyperparameter settings. Recent papers have proved this statement theoretically for highly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-13 Abhishek Panigrahi , Abhishek Shetty , Navin Goyal

Activation functions play a vital role in the training of Convolutional Neural Networks. For this reason, to develop efficient and performing functions is a crucial problem in the deep learning community. Key to these approaches is to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-09-23 Gianluca Maguolo , Loris Nanni , Stefano Ghidoni

The scope of research in the domain of activation functions remains limited and centered around improving the ease of optimization or generalization quality of neural networks (NNs). However, to develop a deeper understanding of deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-10 Mohit Goyal , Rajan Goyal , Brejesh Lall

We propose the Hyperbolic Tangent Exponential Linear Unit (TeLU), a neural network hidden activation function defined as TeLU(x)=xtanh(exp(x)). TeLU's design is grounded in the core principles of key activation functions, achieving strong…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Alfredo Fernandez , Ankur Mali

Activation functions are critical components in deep neural networks, directly influencing gradient flow, training stability, and model performance. Traditional functions like ReLU suffer from dead neuron problems, while sigmoid and tanh…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Sergii Kavun

The optimisation of neural networks can be sped up by orthogonalising the gradients before the optimisation step, ensuring the diversification of the learned representations. We orthogonalise the gradients of the layer's components/filters…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-16 Mark Tuddenham , Adam Prügel-Bennett , Jonathan Hare