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Emulating firmware of microcontrollers is challenging due to the lack of peripheral models. Existing work finds out how to respond to peripheral read operations by analyzing the target firmware. This is problematic because the firmware…
Tracing back the instruction execution sequence to debug a multicore system can be very time-consuming because the relationships of the instructions can be very complex. For instructions that cannot be checked by the environment immediately…
Understanding a program's runtime reasoning behavior, meaning how intermediate states and control flows lead to final execution results, is essential for reliable code generation, debugging, and automated reasoning. Although large language…
Large language model-specific inference engines (in short as \emph{LLM inference engines}) have become a fundamental component of modern AI infrastructure, enabling the deployment of LLM-powered applications (LLM apps) across cloud and…
Providing timely and personalized guidance for students' programming assignments, offers significant practical value for helping students complete assignments and enhance their learning. In recent years, various automated Fault Localization…
Generating accurate circuit schematics from high-level natural language descriptions remains a persistent challenge in electronic design automation (EDA), as large language models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate components, violate strict…
Quantum computing has emerged as a promising domain for the machine learning (ML) area, offering significant computational advantages over classical counterparts. With the growing interest in quantum machine learning (QML), ensuring the…
Ambiguity in natural language instructions poses significant risks in safety-critical human-robot interaction, particularly in domains such as surgery. To address this, we propose a framework that uses Large Language Models (LLMs) for…
The security of microcontrollers, which drive modern IoT and embedded devices, continues to raise major concerns. Within a microcontroller (MCU), the firmware is a monolithic piece of software that contains the whole software stack, whereas…
As large language models (LLMs) advance toward expert-level performance in engineering domains, reliable reasoning under user-specified constraints becomes critical. In circuit analysis, for example, a numerically correct solution is…
Architecture erosion has a detrimental effect on maintenance and evolution, as the implementation deviates from the intended architecture. Detecting symptoms of erosion, particularly architectural violations, at an early stage is crucial.…
Despite widespread deployment of Large Language Models, systematic evaluation of instruction-following capabilities remains challenging. While comprehensive benchmarks exist, focused assessments that quickly diagnose specific instruction…
API misuses often lead to software bugs, crashes, and vulnerabilities. While several API misuse detectors have been proposed, there are no automatic repair tools specifically designed for this purpose. In a recent study, test-suite-based…
Memory persistency models provide a foundation for persistent programming by specifying which (and when) writes to non-volatile memory (NVM) become persistent. Memory persistency models for the Intel-x86 and Arm architectures have been…
In safety-critical domains, linguistic ambiguity can have severe consequences; a vague command like "Pass me the vial" in a surgical setting could lead to catastrophic errors. Yet, most embodied AI research overlooks this, assuming…
Differential testing can be an effective way to find bugs in software systems with multiple implementations that conform to the same specification, like compilers, network protocol parsers, or language runtimes. Specifications for such…
Prompt injection attacks insert malicious instructions into an LLM's input to steer it toward an attacker-chosen task instead of the intended one. Existing detection defenses typically classify any input with instruction as malicious,…
Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize smart home assistants by enhancing their ability to accurately understand user needs and respond appropriately, which is extremely beneficial for building a smarter home…
The rise of instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) marks a significant advancement in artificial intelligence (AI) (tailored to respond to specific prompts). Despite their popularity, applying such models to debug security…
Emulating firmware for microcontrollers is challenging due to the tight coupling between the hardware and firmware. This has greatly impeded the application of dynamic analysis tools to firmware analysis. The state-of-the-art work…