相关论文: Runtime Enforcement of Programmable Logic Controll…

Runtime verification enables checking temporal logic specifications over individual execution traces and offers a scalable alternative to exhaustive formal verification. In practice, systems must satisfy dozens to hundreds of temporal…

Runtime verification is an effective automated method for specification-based offline testing and analysis as well as online monitoring of complex systems. The specification language is often a variant of regular expressions or a popular…

Context: Ensuring high levels of dependability in modern computer-based systems has become increasingly challenging due to their complexity. Although systems are validated at design time, their behavior can be different at runtime, possibly…

In formal verification, runtime monitoring consists of observing the execution of a system in order to decide as quickly as possible whether or not it satisfies a given property. We consider monitoring in a distributed setting, for…

Runtime verification, also known as runtime monitoring, consists of checking whether a system satisfies a given specification by observing the trace it produces during its execution. It is used as a lightweight verification technique to…

In this paper, we investigate the problem of synthesizing controllers for temporal logic specifications under security constraint. We assume that there exists a passive intruder (eavesdropper) that can partially observe the behavior of the…

In industrial control systems, devices such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are commonly used to directly interact with sensors and actuators, and perform local automatic control. PLCs run software on two different layers: a)…

The reuse of code fragments by copying and pasting is widely practiced in software development and results in code clones. Cloning is considered an anti-pattern as it negatively affects program correctness and increases maintenance efforts.…

This paper presents an application of specification based runtime verification techniques to control mobile robots in a reactive manner. In our case study, we develop a layered control architecture where runtime monitors constructed from…

Fault injections are increasingly used to attack/test secure applications. In this paper, we define formal models of runtime monitors that can detect fault injections that result in test inversion attacks and arbitrary jumps in the control…

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) play a critical role in the industrial control systems. Vulnerabilities in PLC programs might lead to attacks causing devastating consequences to the critical infrastructure, as shown in Stuxnet and…

This paper introduces the safety controller architecture as a runtime assurance mechanism for system specifications expressed as safety properties in Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). The safety controller has three fundamental components: a…

Formal verification provides strong safety guarantees but only for models of cyber-physical systems. Hybrid system models describe the required interplay of computation and physical dynamics, which is crucial to guarantee what computations…

Industrial control systems (ICSs) increasingly rely on digital technologies vulnerable to cyber attacks. Cyber attackers can infiltrate ICSs and execute malicious actions. Individually, each action seems innocuous. But taken together, they…

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are widely used in industrial automation to control physical systems. As PLC applications become increasingly complex, ensuring their correctness is crucial. Existing formal verification techniques…

We consider the problem of securing a given control loop implementation of a cyber-physical system (CPS) in the presence of Man-in-the-Middle attacks on data exchange between plant and controller over a compromised network. To this end,…

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are often built from geographically distributed components and often use programmable logic controllers for localized processes. Since verification of such systems is challenging because of both time…

Business process compliance is a key area of business process management and aims at ensuring that processes obey to compliance constraints such as regulatory constraints or business rules imposed on them. Process compliance can be checked…

Runtime Verification is a lightweight formal verification technique. It is used to verify at runtime whether the system under analysis behaves as expected. The expected behaviour is usually formally specified by means of properties, which…

Estimating the execution time of software components is often mandatory when evaluating the non-functional properties of software-intensive systems. This particularly holds for real-time embedded systems, e.g., in the context of industrial…