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Modern life sciences research is increasingly relying on artificial intelligence approaches to model biological systems, primarily centered around the use of machine learning (ML) models. Although ML is undeniably useful for identifying…

Predicting high-fidelity future human poses, from a historically observed sequence, is decisive for intelligent robots to interact with humans. Deep end-to-end learning approaches, which typically train a generic pre-trained model on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-04-14 Qiongjie Cui , Huaijiang Sun , Jianfeng Lu , Bin Li , Weiqing Li

Autoregressive Sequence-To-Sequence models are the foundation of many Deep Learning achievements in major research fields such as Vision and Natural Language Processing. Despite that, they still present significant limitations. For…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Jia Cheng Hu , Roberto Cavicchioli , Alessandro Capotondi

The impressive performance exhibited by modern machine learning models hinges on the ability to train such models on a very large amounts of labeled data. However, since access to large volumes of labeled data is often limited or expensive,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-27 Neta Shoham , Haim Avron

Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven methods can vastly improve the historically costly drug design process, with various generative models already in widespread use. Generative models for de novo drug design, in particular, focus on the…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2024-06-27 Xiangru Tang , Howard Dai , Elizabeth Knight , Fang Wu , Yunyang Li , Tianxiao Li , Mark Gerstein

In drug discovery, highly automated high-throughput laboratories are used to screen a large number of compounds in search of effective drugs. These experiments are expensive, so one might hope to reduce their cost by only experimenting on a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Ihor Neporozhnii , Julien Roy , Emmanuel Bengio , Jason Hartford

Generative AI models hold great potential in creating synthetic brain MRIs that advance neuroimaging studies by, for example, enriching data diversity. However, the mainstay of AI research only focuses on optimizing the visual quality (such…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-10-10 Wei Peng , Tomas Bosschieter , Jiahong Ouyang , Robert Paul , Ehsan Adeli , Qingyu Zhao , Kilian M. Pohl

Deep learning models in medical imaging often encounter challenges when adapting to new clinical settings unseen during training. Test-time adaptation offers a promising approach to optimize models for these unseen domains, yet its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Sameer Ambekar , Julia A. Schnabel , Cosmin I. Bercea

Declarative modeling uses symbolic expressions to represent models. With such expressions one can formalize high-level mathematical computations on models that would be difficult or impossible to perform directly on a lower-level simulation…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2019-07-02 Eric Mjolsness

Directed evolution is a molecular biology technique that is transforming protein engineering by creating proteins with desirable properties and functions. However, it is experimentally impossible to perform the deep mutational scanning of…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2023-06-09 Yuchi Qiu , Guo-Wei Wei

The design of high-performance optical systems remains a specialized domain gated by the limited availability of expert engineers, creating a bottleneck that stalls innovation despite the growing demand for imaging hardware. While deep…

光学 · 物理学 2026-02-17 Roy Maman , David Ohana , Jacob Engelberg , Uriel Levy

Biological engineering, the convergence between engineering and biology, is at the forefront of significant advances in healthcare, agriculture, and environmental sustainability, making it highly relevant to current scientific and societal…

其他定量生物学 · 定量生物学 2026-02-17 Ulrike A. Nuber , Viktor Stein

In meta-learning approaches, it is difficult for a practitioner to make sense of what kind of representations the model employs. Without this ability, it can be difficult to both understand what the model knows as well as to make meaningful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-05 Pedro Sandoval-Segura , Wallace Lawson

The research of metamaterials has achieved enormous success in the manipulation of light in an artificially prescribed manner using delicately designed sub-wavelength structures, so-called meta-atoms. Even though modern numerical methods…

光学 · 物理学 2019-01-31 Wei Ma , Feng Cheng , Yihao Xu , Qinlong Wen , Yongmin Liu

This paper presents ExplainableFold, an explainable AI framework for protein structure prediction. Despite the success of AI-based methods such as AlphaFold in this field, the underlying reasons for their predictions remain unclear due to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-12 Juntao Tan , Yongfeng Zhang

Deep learning offers transformative potential in medical imaging, yet its clinical adoption is frequently hampered by challenges such as data scarcity, distribution shifts, and the need for robust task generalization. Prompt-based…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-03 Hao Yang , Xinlong Liang , Zhang Li , Yue Sun , Zheyu Hu , Xinghe Xie , Behdad Dashtbozorg , Jincheng Huang , Shiwei Zhu , Luyi Han , Jiong Zhang , Shanshan Wang , Ritse Mann , Qifeng Yu , Tao Tan

Deep learning has redefined the field of artificial intelligence (AI) thanks to the rise of artificial neural networks, which are architectures inspired by their neurological counterpart in the brain. Through the years, this dualism between…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-21 Tommaso Salvatori , Yuhang Song , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Rafal Bogacz , Zhenghua Xu

We propose an automated genomic interpretation module that transforms raw DNA sequences into actionable, interpretable decisions suitable for integration into medical automation and robotic systems. Our framework combines Chaos Game…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Zijun Li , Jinchang Zhang , Ming Zhang , Guoyu Lu

Meaning has been called the "holy grail" of a variety of scientific disciplines, ranging from linguistics to philosophy, psychology and the neurosciences. The field of Artifical Intelligence (AI) is very much a part of that list: the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2016-10-25 Douwe Kiela , Luana Bulat , Anita L. Vero , Stephen Clark

Deep learning techniques have been widely used in autonomous driving systems for the semantic understanding of urban scenes. However, they need a huge amount of labeled data for training, which is difficult and expensive to acquire. A…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-03-03 Umberto Michieli , Matteo Biasetton , Gianluca Agresti , Pietro Zanuttigh