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Source code summarization involves creating brief descriptions of source code in natural language. These descriptions are a key component of software documentation such as JavaDocs. Automatic code summarization is a prized target of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-04-05 Sakib Haque , Zachary Eberhart , Aakash Bansal , Collin McMillan

Automatic metrics are commonly used as the exclusive tool for declaring the superiority of one machine translation system's quality over another. The community choice of automatic metric guides research directions and industrial…

State-of-the-art summarization systems are trained and evaluated on massive datasets scraped from the web. Despite their prevalence, we know very little about the underlying characteristics (data noise, summarization complexity, etc.) of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-23 Priyam Tejaswin , Dhruv Naik , Pengfei Liu

With the recent undeniable advancement in reasoning abilities in large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and GPT-4, there is a growing trend for using LLMs on various tasks. One area where LLMs can be employed is as an alternative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Chenhui Shen , Liying Cheng , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Yang You , Lidong Bing

We introduce a dataset of high-quality human-authored summaries of news articles in Norwegian. The dataset is intended for benchmarking the abstractive summarisation capabilities of generative language models. Each document in the dataset…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Samia Touileb , Vladislav Mikhailov , Marie Kroka , Lilja Øvrelid , Erik Velldal

Summarizing software artifacts is an important task that has been thoroughly researched. For evaluating software summarization approaches, human judgment is still the most trusted evaluation. However, it is time-consuming and fatiguing for…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Abhishek Kumar , Sonia Haiduc , Partha Pratim Das , Partha Pratim Chakrabarti

Evaluation metrics are a key ingredient for progress of text generation systems. In recent years, several BERT-based evaluation metrics have been proposed (including BERTScore, MoverScore, BLEURT, etc.) which correlate much better with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-11-02 Marvin Kaster , Wei Zhao , Steffen Eger

Automated lay summarisation (LS) aims to simplify complex technical documents into a more accessible format to non-experts. Existing approaches using pre-trained language models, possibly augmented with external background knowledge, tend…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Zheheng Luo , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou

Automating the assessment of learner summaries provides a useful tool for assessing learner reading comprehension. We present a summarization task for evaluating non-native reading comprehension and propose three novel approaches to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-19 Menglin Xia , Ekaterina Kochmar , Ted Briscoe

Among the remarkable emergent capabilities of large language models (LMs) is free-text rationalization; beyond a certain scale, large LMs are capable of generating seemingly useful rationalizations, which in turn, can dramatically enhance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-15 Brihi Joshi , Ziyi Liu , Sahana Ramnath , Aaron Chan , Zhewei Tong , Shaoliang Nie , Qifan Wang , Yejin Choi , Xiang Ren

In this study, we analyze automatic evaluation metrics for Natural Language Generation (NLG), specifically task-agnostic metrics and human-aligned metrics. Task-agnostic metrics, such as Perplexity, BLEU, BERTScore, are cost-effective and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Iftitahu Ni'mah , Meng Fang , Vlado Menkovski , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred interest in automatic evaluation methods for summarization, offering a faster, more cost-effective alternative to human evaluation. However, existing methods often fall short when applied to complex…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Ziwei Gong , Lin Ai , Harshsaiprasad Deshpande , Alexander Johnson , Emmy Phung , Zehui Wu , Ahmad Emami , Julia Hirschberg

Small language models (SLMs), such as BART, can achieve summarization performance comparable to large language models (LLMs) via distillation. However, existing LLM-based ranking strategies for summary candidates suffer from instability,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Bo-Jyun Wang , Ying-Jia Lin , Hung-Yu Kao

Automated Essay Scoring (AES) has been explored for decades with the goal to support teachers by reducing grading workload and mitigating subjective biases. While early systems relied on handcrafted features and statistical models, recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Jonas Kubesch , Lena Huber , Clemens Havas

When faced with a large number of product reviews, it is not clear that a human can remember all of them and weight opinions representatively to write a good reference summary. We propose an automatic metric to test the prevalence of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-27 Christopher Malon

Paraphrasing is the task of expressing an essential idea or meaning in different words. But how different should the words be in order to be considered an acceptable paraphrase? And can we exclusively use automated metrics to evaluate the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-28 Anna Moskvina , Bhushan Kotnis , Chris Catacata , Michael Janz , Nasrin Saef

Summary assessment involves evaluating how well a generated summary reflects the key ideas and meaning of the source text, requiring a deep understanding of the content. Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used to automate this process,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Zahra Sadeghi , Evangelos Milios , Frank Rudzicz

Automated metrics for Machine Translation have made significant progress, with the goal of replacing expensive and time-consuming human evaluations. These metrics are typically assessed by their correlation with human judgments, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Pius von Däniken , Jan Deriu , Mark Cieliebak

Improvements in text generation technologies such as machine translation have necessitated more costly and time-consuming human evaluation procedures to ensure an accurate signal. We investigate a simple way to reduce cost by reducing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-12 Belén Saldías , George Foster , Markus Freitag , Qijun Tan

Keywords, that is, content-relevant words in summaries play an important role in efficient information conveyance, making it critical to assess if system-generated summaries contain such informative words during evaluation. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Sotaro Takeshita , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Kai Eckert