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Bayesian model-based reinforcement learning is a formally elegant approach to learning optimal behaviour under model uncertainty, trading off exploration and exploitation in an ideal way. Unfortunately, finding the resulting Bayes-optimal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-03-20 Arthur Guez , David Silver , Peter Dayan

Decision-making under uncertainty (DMU) is present in many important problems. An open challenge is DMU in non-stationary environments, where the dynamics of the environment can change over time. Reinforcement Learning (RL), a popular…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-03-01 Geoffrey Pettet , Ayan Mukhopadhyay , Abhishek Dubey

We present Doubly Robust Monte Carlo Tree Search (DR-MCTS), a novel algorithm that integrates Doubly Robust (DR) off-policy estimation into Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to enhance sample efficiency and decision quality in complex…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-02-05 Manqing Liu , Andrew L. Beam

With the aim of improving performance in Markov Decision Problem in an Off-Policy setting, we suggest taking inspiration from what is done in Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL). In Offline RL, it is a common practice during policy learning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Jérôme Arjonilla , Abdallah Saffidine , Tristan Cazenave

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has emerged as a powerful tool for decision-making in robotics, enabling efficient exploration of large search spaces. However, traditional MCTS methods struggle in environments characterized by high…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Xibai Wang

We consider the popular tree-based search strategy within the framework of reinforcement learning, the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), in the context of finite-horizon Markov decision process. We propose a dynamic sampling tree policy that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Gongbo Zhang , Yijie Peng , Yilong Xu

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a powerful algorithm for solving complex decision-making problems. This paper presents an optimized MCTS implementation applied to the FrozenLake environment, a classic reinforcement learning task…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-26 Esteban Aldana Guerra

Sequential decision making is a typical problem in reinforcement learning with plenty of algorithms to solve it. However, only a few of them can work effectively with a very small number of observations. In this report, we introduce the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-22 Van Bach Nguyen , Belaid Mohamed Karim , Bao Long Vu , Jörg Schlötterer , Michael Granitzer

Trial-and-error based reinforcement learning (RL) has seen rapid advancements in recent times, especially with the advent of deep neural networks. However, the majority of autonomous RL algorithms require a large number of interactions with…

系统与控制 · 计算机科学 2018-02-23 Sanket Kamthe , Marc Peter Deisenroth

Inspired by recent successes of Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) in a number of artificial intelligence (AI) application domains, we propose a model-based reinforcement learning (RL) technique that iteratively applies MCTS on batches of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-05-16 Daniel R. Jiang , Emmanuel Ekwedike , Han Liu

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), most famously used in game-play artificial intelligence (e.g., the game of Go), is a well-known strategy for constructing approximate solutions to sequential decision problems. Its primary innovation is the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2017-04-21 Daniel R. Jiang , Lina Al-Kanj , Warren B. Powell

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a powerful approach to designing game-playing bots or solving sequential decision problems. The method relies on intelligent tree search that balances exploration and exploitation. MCTS performs random…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Maciej Świechowski , Konrad Godlewski , Bartosz Sawicki , Jacek Mańdziuk

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) based methods provide promising approaches for generating synthetic data to enhance the self-training of Large Language Model (LLM) based multi-agent systems (MAS). These methods leverage Q-values to estimate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-27 Wentao Shi , Zichun Yu , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He , Chenyan Xiong

In this work, we consider the popular tree-based search strategy within the framework of reinforcement learning, the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), in the context of infinite-horizon discounted cost Markov Decision Process (MDP). While…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-01-14 Devavrat Shah , Qiaomin Xie , Zhi Xu

Tree search-based methods have made significant progress in enhancing the code generation capabilities of large language models. However, due to the difficulty in effectively evaluating intermediate algorithmic steps and the inability to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Yuanyuan Lin , Xiangyu Ouyang , Teng Zhang , Kaixin Sui

Bayes-optimal behavior, while well-defined, is often difficult to achieve. Recent advances in the use of Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) have shown that it is possible to act near-optimally in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with very large…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-02-20 John Asmuth , Michael L. Littman

We introduce an approach aimed at enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through an iterative preference learning process inspired by the successful strategy employed by AlphaZero. Our work leverages Monte…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Yuxi Xie , Anirudh Goyal , Wenyue Zheng , Min-Yen Kan , Timothy P. Lillicrap , Kenji Kawaguchi , Michael Shieh

Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) has driven many recent breakthroughs in deep reinforcement learning (RL). However, scaling MCTS to parallel compute has proven challenging in practice which has motivated alternative planners like sequential…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Joery A. de Vries , Jinke He , Yaniv Oren , Matthijs T. J. Spaan

Sequential decision-making under uncertainty is present in many important problems. Two popular approaches for tackling such problems are reinforcement learning and online search (e.g., Monte Carlo tree search). While the former learns a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Ava Pettet , Yunuo Zhang , Baiting Luo , Kyle Wray , Hendrik Baier , Aron Laszka , Abhishek Dubey , Ayan Mukhopadhyay

One of the most important AI research questions is to trade off computation versus performance since ``perfect rationality" exists in theory but is impossible to achieve in practice. Recently, Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) has attracted…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Weirui Ye , Pieter Abbeel , Yang Gao
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