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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success as foundational models, benefiting various downstream applications through fine-tuning. Recent studies on loss scaling have demonstrated the superior performance of larger…

Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC) is a brain-inspired computing paradigm that represents and manipulates information using high-dimensional vectors, called hypervectors (HV). Traditional HDC methods, while robust to noise and inherently…

Distributed machine learning (DML) technology makes it possible to train large neural networks in a reasonable amount of time. Meanwhile, as the computing power grows much faster than network capacity, network communication has gradually…

The exponential growth in use of large deep neural networks has accelerated the need for training these deep neural networks in hours or even minutes. This can only be achieved through scalable and efficient distributed training, since a…

Distributed training is a novel approach to accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNN) training, but common training libraries fall short of addressing the distributed cases with heterogeneous processors or the cases where the processing nodes…

In recent years, analyzing task-based fMRI (tfMRI) data has become an essential tool for understanding brain function and networks. However, due to the sheer size of tfMRI data, its intrinsic complex structure, and lack of ground truth of…

Reinforcement learning (RL) trains many agents, which is resource-intensive and must scale to large GPU clusters. Different RL training algorithms offer different opportunities for distributing and parallelising the computation. Yet,…

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models enhance neural network scalability by dynamically selecting relevant experts per input token, enabling larger model sizes while maintaining manageable computation costs. However, efficient training of…

Deep Learning system architects strive to design a balanced system where the computational accelerator -- FPGA, GPU, etc, is not starved for data. Feeding training data fast enough to effectively keep the accelerator utilization high is…

Scaling up model depth and size is now a common approach to raise accuracy in many deep learning (DL) applications, as evidenced by the widespread success of multi-billion or even trillion parameter models in natural language processing…

Distributed deep learning workloads include throughput-intensive training tasks on the GPU clusters, where the Distributed Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) incurs significant communication delays after backward propagation, forces workers…

When pre-trained models become rapidly larger, the cost of fine-tuning on downstream tasks steadily increases, too. To economically fine-tune these models, parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) is proposed, which only tunes a tiny…

Large-scale AI model training divides work across thousands of GPUs, then synchronizes gradients across them at each step. This incurs a significant network burden that only centralized, monolithic clusters can support, driving up…

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs), particularly for large-scale graphs, are crucial across numerous domains. However, training distributed full-batch GCNs on large-scale graphs suffers from inefficient memory access patterns and high…

Multi-task Reinforcement Learning (MTRL) has emerged as a critical training paradigm for applying reinforcement learning (RL) to a set of complex real-world robotic tasks, which demands a generalizable and robust policy. At the same time,…

The world needs diverse and unbiased data to train deep learning models. Currently data comes from a variety of sources that are unmoderated to a large extent. The outcomes of training neural networks with unverified data yields biased…

Recent expeditious developments in deep learning algorithms, distributed training, and even hardware design for large models have enabled training extreme-scale models, say GPT-3 and Switch Transformer possessing hundreds of billions or…

Large-scale Ads recommendation and auction scoring models at Google scale demand immense computational resources. While specialized hardware like TPUs have improved linear algebra computations, bottlenecks persist in large-scale systems.…

Matrix Factorization (MF) has been widely applied in machine learning and data mining. A large number of algorithms have been studied to factorize matrices. Among them, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a commonly used method.…

Click-Through Rate prediction (CTR) is a crucial task in recommender systems, and it gained considerable attention in the past few years. The primary purpose of recent research emphasizes obtaining meaningful and powerful representations…