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Neural collapse (NC) is a phenomenon that emerges at the terminal phase of the training (TPT) of deep neural networks (DNNs). The features of the data in the same class collapse to their respective sample means and the sample means exhibit…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-09-09 Wanli Hong , Shuyang Ling

We propose semi-random features for nonlinear function approximation. The flexibility of semi-random feature lies between the fully adjustable units in deep learning and the random features used in kernel methods. For one hidden layer…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-22 Kenji Kawaguchi , Bo Xie , Vikas Verma , Le Song

Motivated by the growing theoretical understanding of neural networks that employ the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) as their activation function, we revisit the use of ReLU activation functions for learning implicit neural representations…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-08-05 Joseph Shenouda , Yamin Zhou , Robert D. Nowak

We provide an upper bound on the number of neurons required in a shallow neural network to approximate a continuous function on a compact set with a given accuracy. This method, inspired by a specific proof of the Stone-Weierstrass theorem,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-10-09 Frantisek Hakl , Vit Fojtik

We consider the problem of finding a two-layer neural network with sigmoid, rectified linear unit (ReLU), or binary step activation functions that "fits" a training data set as accurately as possible as quantified by the training error; and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-04-06 David Gamarnik , Eren C. Kızıldağ , Ilias Zadik

The success of deep neural networks is in part due to the use of normalization layers. Normalization layers like Batch Normalization, Layer Normalization and Weight Normalization are ubiquitous in practice, as they improve generalization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-15 Yonatan Dukler , Quanquan Gu , Guido Montúfar

Recent findings suggest that consecutive layers of neural networks with the ReLU activation function \emph{fold} the input space during the learning process. While many works hint at this phenomenon, an approach to quantify the folding was…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Michal Lewandowski , Bernhard Heinzl , Raphael Pisoni , Bernhard A. Moser

In this paper, we establish universal approximation theorems for neural networks applied to general nonlinear ill-posed operator equations. In addition to the approximation error, the measurement error is also taken into account in our…

数值分析 · 数学 2025-11-21 Lan Wang , Qiao Zhu , Bangti Jin , Ye Zhang

Radial basis function neural networks (\emph{RBFNN}) are {well-known} for their capability to approximate any continuous function on a closed bounded set with arbitrary precision given enough hidden neurons. In this paper, we introduce the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-10 Murad Tukan , Samson Zhou , Alaa Maalouf , Daniela Rus , Vladimir Braverman , Dan Feldman

Recent Progress has shown that exploitation of hidden layer neurons in convolution neural networks incorporating with a carefully designed activation function can yield better classification results in the field of computer vision. The…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-07-10 Zhi Chen , Pin-han Ho

Deep neural networks, particularly those employing Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), are often perceived as complex, high-dimensional, non-linear systems. This complexity poses a significant challenge to understanding their internal learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Longqing Ye

This paper focuses on the domain generalization task where domain knowledge is unavailable, and even worse, only samples from a single domain can be utilized during training. Our motivation originates from the recent progresses in deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-08 Chris Xing Tian , Haoliang Li , Xiaofei Xie , Yang Liu , Shiqi Wang

Certified robustness is a desirable property for deep neural networks in safety-critical applications, and popular training algorithms can certify robustness of a neural network by computing a global bound on its Lipschitz constant.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-03 Yujia Huang , Huan Zhang , Yuanyuan Shi , J Zico Kolter , Anima Anandkumar

In a neural network with ReLU activations, the number of piecewise linear regions in the output can grow exponentially with depth. However, this is highly unlikely to happen when the initial parameters are sampled randomly, which therefore…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Max Milkert , David Hyde , Forrest Laine

Deep neural networks' remarkable ability to correctly fit training data when optimized by gradient-based algorithms is yet to be fully understood. Recent theoretical results explain the convergence for ReLU networks that are wider than…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-09 Asaf Noy , Yi Xu , Yonathan Aflalo , Lihi Zelnik-Manor , Rong Jin

Deep neural network with rectified linear units (ReLU) is getting more and more popular recently. However, the derivatives of the function represented by a ReLU network are not continuous, which limit the usage of ReLU network to situations…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-03 Bo Li , Shanshan Tang , Haijun Yu

In 2017, Hanin and Sellke showed that the class of arbitrarily deep, real-valued, feed-forward and ReLU-activated networks of width w forms a dense subset of the space of continuous functions on R^n, with respect to the topology of uniform…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Joris Dommel , Sven A. Wegner

Rectified linear unit (ReLU) is a widely used activation function for deep convolutional neural networks. However, because of the zero-hard rectification, ReLU networks miss the benefits from negative values. In this paper, we propose a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-01-30 Suo Qiu , Xiangmin Xu , Bolun Cai

We introduce the concept of scalable neural network kernels (SNNKs), the replacements of regular feedforward layers (FFLs), capable of approximating the latter, but with favorable computational properties. SNNKs effectively disentangle the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-07 Arijit Sehanobish , Krzysztof Choromanski , Yunfan Zhao , Avinava Dubey , Valerii Likhosherstov

The empirical emergence of neural collapse -- a surprising symmetry in the feature representations of the training data in the penultimate layer of deep neural networks -- has spurred a line of theoretical research aimed at its…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Peter Súkeník , Christoph H. Lampert , Marco Mondelli