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The initial conditions found in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) provide insights on how high-mass stars and stellar clusters form. We have conducted high-angular resolution and high-sensitivity observations toward thirty-nine massive IRDC…

Stars are born from dense cores in molecular clouds. Observationally, it is crucial to capture the formation of cores in order to understand the necessary conditions and rate of the star formation process. The {\it Atacama Large Mm/sub-mm…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-03-28 Shuo Kong , Jonathan C. Tan , Héctor G. Arce , Paola Caselli , Francesco Fontani , Michael J. Butler

With a mass of $\sim$1000 $M_\odot$ and a surface density of $\sim$0.5 g cm$^{-2}$, G023.477+0.114 also known as IRDC 18310-4 is an infrared dark cloud (IRDC) that has the potential to form high-mass stars and has been recognized as a…

Dense cores in massive, parsec-scale molecular clumps are sites that harbor protocluster formation. We present results from observations towards a hub-filament structure of a massive Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G14.225-0.506 using the…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-14 Yanhanle Zhao , Qizhou Zhang , Junhao Liu , Xing Pan , Lingzhen Zeng

To characterize the initial conditions for intermediate- to high-mass star formation, we observed two Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs) that remain absorption features up to 70mum wavelength, with the PdBI in the 3.23mm dust continuum as well as…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 Henrik Beuther , Thomas Henning

Ever since their discovery, Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are generally considered to be the sites just at the onset of high-mass (HM) star formation. In recent years, it has been realized that not all IRDCs harbour HM Young Stellar Objects…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2020-07-08 R. Retes-Romero , Y. D. Mayya , A. Luna , L. Carrasco

Little is known about how high-mass stars form. Around 30\% of the young high-mass stars in the Galaxy are observed at the edges of ionized (HII) regions. Therefore these are places of choice to study the earliest stages of high-mass star…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-22 Miguel Figueira , Leonardo Bronfman , Annie Zavagno , Fabien Louvet , Nadia Lo , Ricardo Finger , Javier Rodón

The densest infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) may represent the earliest observable stage of high-mass star formation. These clouds are very cold, hence they emit mainly at far-infrared and sub-mm wavelengths. For the first time, Herschel has…

The dense, cold regions where high-mass stars form are poorly characterised, yet they represent an ideal opportunity to learn more about the initial conditions of high-mass star formation (HMSF), since high-mass starless cores (HMSCs) lack…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2016-08-02 S. Feng , H. Beuther , Q. Zhang , Th. Henning , H. Linz , S. Ragan , R. Smith

We study the fragmentation of the nearest high line-mass filament, the integral shaped filament (ISF, line-mass $\sim$ 400 M$_\odot$ pc$^{-1}$) in the Orion A molecular cloud. We have observed a 1.6 pc long section of the ISF with the…

Using Galactic Plane surveys, we have selected a massive (1200 M$_\odot$), cold (14 K) 3.6-70 $\mu$m dark IRDC G331.372-00.116. This IRDC has the potential to form high-mass stars and, given the absence of current star formation signatures,…

Massive infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are considered to host the earliest stages of high-mass star formation. In particular, 70 $\mu$m dark IRDCs are the colder and more quiescent clouds. At a scale of about 5000 au using formaldehyde (H2CO)…

(Abridged) The initial physical conditions of high-mass stars and protoclusters remain poorly characterized. To this end we present the first targeted ALMA 1.3mm continuum and spectral line survey towards high-mass starless clump…

Infrared Dark Clouds appear to be the long sought population of cold and dense aggregations with the potential of harbouring the earliest stages of massive star formation. Up to now there has been no systematic study on the temperature…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Thushara Pillai , Friedrich Wyrowski , Sean J. Carey , Karl M. Menten

We study the core mass function (CMF) within 32 dense clumps in seven infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) via 1.3~mm continuum emission at a resolution of $\sim$1". We have identified…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-08 Mengyao Liu , Jonathan C. Tan , Yu Cheng , Shuo Kong

Massive stars play an important role in shaping the structure of galaxies. Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), with their low temperatures and high densities, have been identified as the potential birthplaces of massive stars. In order to…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-20 T. Vasyunina , H. Linz , Th. Henning , I. Zinchenko , H. Beuther , M. Voronkov

To study the fragmentation and gravitational collapse of dense cores in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), we have obtained submillimeter continuum and spectral line data as well as multiple inversion transitions of NH3 and H2O maser data of…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-03 Xing Lu , Qizhou Zhang , Ke Wang , Qiusheng Gu

Infrared-dark clouds (IRDCs) harbor the early phases of cluster and high-mass star formation and are comprised of cold (~20 K), dense (n > 10$^4$ cm$^{-3}$) gas. The spectral energy distribution (SED) of IRDCs is dominated by the…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-17 Sarah E. Ragan , Thomas Henning , Henrik Beuther

Infrared-dark clouds (IRDCs) are the precursors to massive stars and stellar clusters. G011.11-0.12 is a well-studied filamentary IRDC, though, to date, the absence of far-infrared data with sufficient spatial resolution has limited the…

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