相关论文: The Taming of Plutonium: Pu Metallurgy and the Man…
The hydrodynamic response of materials under extreme conditions of pressure, temperature and strain is dependent on the equation of state of the matter in all its states of existence. The Trinity plutonium implosion device development…
This article is set during the 1944 and 1945 final push to complete Project Y -- the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos -- and focuses primarily on overcoming the challenge of creating and demonstrating a successful convergent explosive…
Metastable aluminum-alloyed $\delta$-plutonium shrinks rapidly and pure $\alpha$-plutonium swells rapidly at 4 K. At ambient temperature alloyed $\delta$-plutonium swells about $10^{-3}$ as fast as it shrinks at 4 K, but its bulk density…
Criticality experiments with $^{235}$U (metal and hydride) and $^{239}$Pu (metal) were performed during the Manhattan Project. Results from these experiments provided necessary information for the success of the Manhattan Project. These…
Nuclear physics advances in the US and Britain, from 1939-1945, are described. The Manhattan Project's work led to an explosion in our knowledge of nuclear science. A conference in April 1943 at Los Alamos provided a simple formula used to…
The objective of this work is to define the parameters of the three-term equation of state for uranium and plutonium, appropriate for conditions in which these materials are subjected to strong shock compressions, as in cylindrical and…
We have carried out a comparative study of the electronic specific heat and electronic structure of $\alpha$ and $\delta$-plutonium using dynmical mean field theory (DMFT). We use the perturbative T-matrix and fluctuating exchange (T-matrix…
A concise point kinetic model of the explosion of a prompt supercritical sphere driven by a nuclear fission chain reaction is presented. The findings are in good agreement with the data available for Trinity, the first detonation of a…
This paper deals with the first analysis of the neutron and gamma time series measured with organic scintillators from plutonium samples by using information measures. Fast neutron detection with organic scintillators has been widely used…
Many theories published in the last decade propose that either ordered or disordered local moments are present in elemental plutonium at low temperatures. We present new experimental data and review previous experimental results. None of…
(Pu) has an unusually rich phase diagram that includes seven distinct solid state phases and an unusually large 25% collapse in volume from its delta phase to its low temperature alpha phase via a series of structural transitions. Despite…
Uranium is considered as a very important nuclear energy material because of the huge amount of energy released. As the main products of spontaneous decay of uranium, helium is difficult to react with uranium for its chemical inertness.…
Plutonium is the most exotic and mysterious element in the periodic table. It has 6 metallic phases and peculiar physical properties not yet understood. One of the most intriguing properties of Pu is that relatively small changes of…
The electronic structure of plutonium metal and its compounds pose a grand challenge for a fundamental understanding of the Pu-5$f$ electron character. For 30 years the plutonium chalcogenides have been especially challenging, and multiple…
Ab-initio relativistic dynamical mean-field theory is applied to resolve the long-standing controversy between theory and experiment in the "simple" face-centered cubic phase of plutonium called delta-Pu. In agreement with experiment,…
Lithium (Li) is a prototypical simple metal at ambient conditions, but exhibits remarkable changes in structural and electronic properties under compression. There has been intense debate about the structure of dense Li, and recent…
High values of deuterium compressibility under shock-wave compression, recently discovered in several experiments, are explained by an unusual dielectric-metal phase transition from a dense molecular gas into a liquid-metal atomic gas. This…
Under pressure many rare earths and actinide metals transform to a-U structure or its lower symmetry distorted forms. We have reinterpreted the diffraction data of Dabos et al for Pu (reference 4) and find that a Am IV type distorted a-U…
We describe the earliest measurements of the DT fusion cross section commissioned by the Manhattan Project, first at Purdue University in 1943 and then at Los Alamos 1945-6 and later, in 1951-2. The Los Alamos measurements led to the…
The possibility of metallic hydrogen was first mooted by Wigner and Huntington in 1935. Here it is show that the calculations from that paper are in remarkably good agreement with modern density functional theory results. The possibility…