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Machine learning society has witnessed the emergence of a myriad of Out-of-Distribution (OoD) algorithms, which address the distribution shift between the training and the testing distribution by searching for a unified predictor or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Runpeng Yu , Songhua Liu , Xingyi Yang , Xinchao Wang

Graph machine learning has witnessed rapid growth, driving advancements across diverse domains. However, the in-distribution assumption, where training and testing data share the same distribution, often breaks in real-world scenarios,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Tingyi Cai , Yunliang Jiang , Yixin Liu , Ming Li , Changqin Huang , Shirui Pan

This paper addresses the challenge of out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization in graph machine learning, a field rapidly advancing yet grappling with the discrepancy between source and target data distributions. Traditional graph learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-09 Xin Sun , Liang Wang , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Zilei Wang , Liang Wang

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples plays a key role in open-world and safety-critical applications such as autonomous systems and healthcare. Recently, self-supervised representation learning techniques (via contrastive learning…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-12 Sina Mohseni , Arash Vahdat , Jay Yadawa

Deep neural networks are known to achieve superior results in classification tasks. However, it has been recently shown that they are incapable to detect examples that are generated by a distribution which is different than the one they…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-09 Aristotelis-Angelos Papadopoulos , Nazim Shaikh , Mohammad Reza Rajati

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for ensuring the reliability of deep learning models in real-world applications. Existing methods typically focus on feature representations or output-space analysis, often assuming a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Mostafa ElAraby , Sabyasachi Sahoo , Yann Pequignot , Paul Novello , Liam Paull

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have exhibited remarkable performance under the assumption that test data comes from the same distribution of training data. However, in real-world scenarios, this assumption may not always be valid.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-15 Kai Guo , Hongzhi Wen , Wei Jin , Yaming Guo , Jiliang Tang , Yi Chang

Graph Out-of-Distribution (OOD), requiring that models trained on biased data generalize to the unseen test data, has considerable real-world applications. One of the most mainstream methods is to extract the invariant subgraph by aligning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Xuexin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Kaitao Zheng , Zhifan Jiang , Zhengting Huang , Zhifeng Hao , Zijian Li

Invariant graph representation learning aims to learn the invariance among data from different environments for out-of-distribution generalization on graphs. As the graph environment partitions are usually expensive to obtain, augmenting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Yongqiang Chen , Yatao Bian , Kaiwen Zhou , Binghui Xie , Bo Han , James Cheng

The development and evaluation of graph neural networks (GNNs) generally follow the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) assumption. Yet this assumption is often untenable in practice due to the uncontrollable data generation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Yiming Xu , Bin Shi , Zhen Peng , Huixiang Liu , Bo Dong , Chen Chen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are proposed without considering the agnostic distribution shifts between training and testing graphs, inducing the degeneration of the generalization ability of GNNs on Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) settings. The…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Shaohua Fan , Xiao Wang , Chuan Shi , Peng Cui , Bai Wang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for ensuring the reliability of deep learning systems, particularly in safety-critical applications. Likelihood-based deep generative models have historically faced criticism for their…

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization is a favorable yet challenging property for deep neural networks. The core challenges lie in the limited availability of source domains that help models learn an invariant representation from the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Yijiang Li , Sucheng Ren , Weipeng Deng , Yuzhi Xu , Ying Gao , Edith Ngai , Haohan Wang

It is crucial to detect when an instance lies downright too far from the training samples for the machine learning model to be trusted, a challenge known as out-of-distribution (OOD) detection. For neural networks, one approach to this task…

When deploying a trained machine learning model in the real world, it is inevitable to receive inputs from out-of-distribution (OOD) sources. For instance, in continual learning settings, it is common to encounter OOD samples due to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Chuanwen Feng , Wenlong Chen , Ao Ke , Yilong Ren , Xike Xie , S. Kevin Zhou

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), neural network architectures targeted to learning representations of graphs, have become a popular learning model for prediction tasks on nodes, graphs and configurations of points, with wide success in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-19 Stefanie Jegelka

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization has emerged as a significant challenge in graph recommender systems. Traditional graph neural network algorithms often fail because they learn spurious environmental correlations instead of stable…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Jiahao Liang , Haoran Yang , Xiangyu Zhao , Zhiwen Yu , Mianjie Li , Chuan Shi , Kaixiang Yang

Living in a complex world like ours makes it unacceptable that a practical implementation of a machine learning system assumes a closed world. Therefore, it is necessary for such a learning-based system in a real world environment, to be…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-03-05 Jens Bayer , David Münch , Michael Arens

Graphs are a commonly used construct for representing relationships between elements in complex high dimensional datasets. Many real-world phenomenon are dynamic in nature, meaning that any graph used to represent them is inherently…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2018-11-21 Stephen Bonner , John Brennan , Ibad Kureshi , Georgios Theodoropoulos , Andrew Stephen McGough , Boguslaw Obara

Graphs arise naturally in many real-world applications including social networks, recommender systems, ontologies, biology, and computational finance. Traditionally, machine learning models for graphs have been mostly designed for static…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-28 Seyed Mehran Kazemi , Rishab Goel , Kshitij Jain , Ivan Kobyzev , Akshay Sethi , Peter Forsyth , Pascal Poupart