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We explore the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the estimation of atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, and [Fe/H]) for Galactic F- and G-type stars. The ANNs are fed with medium-resolution (~ 1-2 A) non flux-calibrated…

In this work, we consider direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation in the presence of extreme noise using Deep Learning (DL). In particular, we introduce a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that is trained from mutli-channel data of the true…

Inverting visual representations within deep neural networks (DNNs) presents a challenging and important problem in the field of security and privacy for deep learning. The main goal is to invert the features of an unidentified target image…

Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED) is a powerful tool to probe the surface reconstruction during MBE growth. However, raw RHEED patterns are difficult to interpret, especially when the wafer is rotating. A more accessible…

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for image processing tend to focus on localized texture patterns, commonly referred to as texture bias. While most of the previous works in the literature focus on the task of image classification, we go…

Electron microscopy is widely used to explore defects in crystal structures, but human detecting of defects is often time-consuming, error-prone, and unreliable, and is not scalable to large numbers of images or real-time analysis. In this…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently evinced immense success for various image recognition tasks. However, a question of paramount importance is somewhat unanswered in deep learning research - is the selected CNN optimal…

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted extensive attention due to their unique characteristics and application potentials. Raman spectroscopy, as a rapid and non-destructive probe, exhibits distinct features and holds notable…

In recent times, with the increase of Artificial Neural Network (ANN), deep learning has brought a dramatic twist in the field of machine learning by making it more artificially intelligent. Deep learning is remarkably used in vast ranges…

Recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) to adversarial examples - a visually indistinguishable adversarial image can easily be crafted to cause a well-trained model to misclassify. Existing methods…

This paper considers a convolutional neural network transformation that reduces computation complexity and thus speedups neural network processing. Usage of convolutional neural networks (CNN) is the standard approach to image recognition…

Early detection of breast cancer can increase treatment efficiency. Architectural Distortion (AD) is a very subtle contraction of the breast tissue and may represent the earliest sign of cancer. Since it is very likely to be unnoticed by…

In this study, we explore the use of Convolutional Neural Networks for improving train speed estimation accuracy, addressing the complex challenges of modern railway systems. We investigate three CNN architectures - single-branch 2D,…

Deep Evolutionary Network Structured Representation (DENSER) is a novel approach to automatically design Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) using Evolutionary Computation. The algorithm not only searches for the best network topology (e.g.,…

We train a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) from scratch for visual aesthetic analysis in images and discuss techniques we adopt to improve the accuracy. We avoid the prevalent best transfer learning approaches of using pretrained…

The structured light (SL)-based three-dimensional (3D) measurement techniques with deep learning have been widely studied to improve measurement efficiency, among which fringe projection profilometry (FPP) and speckle projection…

Adversarial examples, designed to trick Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) into producing wrong outputs, highlight vulnerabilities in these models. Exploring these weaknesses is crucial for developing defenses, and so, we propose a method to…

Ultrafast nanocrystallography has the potential to revolutionize biology by enabling structural elucidation of proteins for which it is possible to grow crystals with 10 or fewer unit cells on the side. The success of nanocrystallography…

Modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are workhorses for video and image processing, but fail to adapt to the computational complexity of input samples in a dynamic manner to minimize energy consumption. In this research, we propose…

This paper considers implementation of artificial neural networks (ANNs) using molecular computing and DNA based on fractional coding. Prior work had addressed molecular two-layer ANNs with binary inputs and arbitrary weights. In prior work…