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Training an energy-based model (EBM) with maximum likelihood is challenging due to the intractable normalisation constant. Traditional methods rely on expensive Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to estimate the gradient of logartihm…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Hugo Senetaire , Paul Jeha , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei , Jes Frellsen

We study a new approach to learning energy-based models (EBMs) based on adversarial training (AT). We show that (binary) AT learns a special kind of energy function that models the support of the data distribution, and the learning process…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-29 Xuwang Yin , Shiying Li , Gustavo K. Rohde

The Energy-Based Model (EBM) framework is a very general approach to generative modeling that tries to learn and exploit probability distributions only defined though unnormalized scores. It has risen in popularity recently thanks to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-25 Léo Gagnon , Guillaume Lajoie

Maximum likelihood (ML) learning for energy-based models (EBMs) is challenging, partly due to non-convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo.Several variations of ML learning have been proposed, but existing methods all fail to achieve both…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-04-24 Xinwei Zhang , Zhiqiang Tan , Zhijian Ou

Energy based models (EBMs) are appealing due to their generality and simplicity in likelihood modeling, but have been traditionally difficult to train. We present techniques to scale MCMC based EBM training on continuous neural networks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-01 Yilun Du , Igor Mordatch

Purpose: Although recent deep energy-based generative models (EBMs) have shown encouraging results in many image generation tasks, how to take advantage of the self-adversarial cogitation in deep EBMs to boost the performance of Magnetic…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-09-10 Yu Guan , Zongjiang Tu , Shanshan Wang , Qiegen Liu , Yuhao Wang , Dong Liang

Simultaneously achieving robust classification and high-fidelity generative modeling within a single framework presents a significant challenge. Hybrid approaches, such as Joint Energy-Based Models (JEM), interpret classifiers as EBMs but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Xuwang Yin , Claire Zhang , Julie Steele , Nir Shavit , Tony T. Wang

Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a statistical method used to estimate the parameters of a probability distribution that best explain the observed data. In the context of text generation, MLE is often used to train generative language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Chenze Shao , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Energy-based models (EBMs) are generative models that are usually trained via maximum likelihood estimation. This approach becomes challenging in generic situations where the trained energy is non-convex, due to the need to sample the Gibbs…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-16 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Alberto Bietti , Marylou Gabrié , Joan Bruna , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Energy-based models (EBMs) have experienced a resurgence within machine learning in recent years, including as a promising alternative for probabilistic regression. However, energy-based regression requires a proposal distribution to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-08 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Thomas B. Schön

Energy-based models (EBMs) provide an elegant framework for density estimation, but they are notoriously difficult to train. Recent work has established links to generative adversarial networks, where the EBM is trained through a minimax…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-03 Cong Geng , Jia Wang , Zhiyong Gao , Jes Frellsen , Søren Hauberg

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) assign unnormalized log-probability to data samples. This functionality has a variety of applications, such as sample synthesis, data denoising, sample restoration, outlier detection, Bayesian reasoning, and many…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-12-23 Zengyi Li , Yubei Chen , Friedrich T. Sommer

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) have been widely used for generative modeling. Contrastive Divergence (CD), a prevailing training objective for EBMs, requires sampling from the EBM with Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods (MCMCs), which leads to an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-06 Weijian Luo , Hao Jiang , Tianyang Hu , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li , Zhihua Zhang

This paper studies the fundamental problem of learning deep generative models that consist of multiple layers of latent variables organized in top-down architectures. Such models have high expressivity and allow for learning hierarchical…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-07-21 Erik Nijkamp , Bo Pang , Tian Han , Linqi Zhou , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

This paper studies the fundamental problem of learning energy-based model (EBM) in the latent space of the generator model. Learning such prior model typically requires running costly Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Instead, we propose to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-09-20 Zhisheng Xiao , Tian Han

We propose to learn energy-based model (EBM) in the latent space of a generator model, so that the EBM serves as a prior model that stands on the top-down network of the generator model. Both the latent space EBM and the top-down network…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-10-30 Bo Pang , Tian Han , Erik Nijkamp , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

Energy-based models (EBMs) have become increasingly popular within computer vision in recent years. While they are commonly employed for generative image modeling, recent work has applied EBMs also for regression tasks, achieving…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-08-17 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Radu Timofte , Thomas B. Schön

This work presents strategies to learn an Energy-Based Model (EBM) according to the desired length of its MCMC sampling trajectories. MCMC trajectories of different lengths correspond to models with different purposes. Our experiments cover…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-05-25 Mitch Hill , Jonathan Mitchell , Chu Chen , Yuan Du , Mubarak Shah , Song-Chun Zhu

Energy-based models (EBMs) offer a flexible framework for parameterizing probability distributions using neural networks. However, learning EBMs by exact maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is generally intractable, due to the need to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-20 Michael E. Sander , Vincent Roulet , Tianlin Liu , Mathieu Blondel

Machine learning models have exhibited exceptional results in various domains. The most prevalent approach for learning is the empirical risk minimizer (ERM), which adapts the model's weights to reduce the loss on a training set and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-11 Koby Bibas