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This article gives a new proof that fully connected neural networks with random weights and biases converge to Gaussian processes in the regime where the input dimension, output dimension, and depth are kept fixed, while the hidden layer…

概率论 · 数学 2021-07-06 Boris Hanin

We consider fully connected feed-forward deep neural networks (NNs) where weights and biases are independent and identically distributed as symmetric centered stable distributions. Then, we show that the infinite wide limit of the NN, under…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-03-03 Stefano Favaro , Sandra Fortini , Stefano Peluchetti

We establish novel rates for the Gaussian approximation of random deep neural networks with Gaussian parameters (weights and biases) and Lipschitz activation functions, in the wide limit. Our bounds apply for the joint output of a network…

统计理论 · 数学 2023-12-20 Dario Trevisan

Gaussian Process is a non-parametric prior which can be understood as a distribution on the function space intuitively. It is known that by introducing appropriate prior to the weights of the neural networks, Gaussian Process can be…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-01-08 Erdong Guo , David Draper

We study the extent to which wide neural networks may be approximated by Gaussian processes when initialized with random weights. It is a well-established fact that as the width of a network goes to infinity, its law converges to that of a…

概率论 · 数学 2021-02-18 Ronen Eldan , Dan Mikulincer , Tselil Schramm

We study the distributional properties of linear neural networks with random parameters in the context of large networks, where the number of layers diverges in proportion to the number of neurons per layer. Prior works have shown that in…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-11-26 Federico Bassetti , Lucia Ladelli , Pietro Rotondo

Whilst deep neural networks have shown great empirical success, there is still much work to be done to understand their theoretical properties. In this paper, we study the relationship between random, wide, fully connected, feedforward…

Wide neural networks with random weights and biases are Gaussian processes, as originally observed by Neal (1995) and more recently by Lee et al. (2018) and Matthews et al. (2018) for deep fully-connected networks, as well as by Novak et…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2021-05-11 Greg Yang

In modern deep learning, there is a recent and growing literature on the interplay between large-width asymptotic properties of deep Gaussian neural networks (NNs), i.e. deep NNs with Gaussian-distributed weights, and Gaussian stochastic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-27 Stefano Favaro , Sandra Fortini , Stefano Peluchetti

This article studies the infinite-width limit of deep feedforward neural networks whose weights are dependent, and modelled via a mixture of Gaussian distributions. Each hidden node of the network is assigned a nonnegative random variable…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-02-06 Hoil Lee , Fadhel Ayed , Paul Jung , Juho Lee , Hongseok Yang , François Caron

Gaussian processes are ubiquitous in nature and engineering. A case in point is a class of neural networks in the infinite-width limit, whose priors correspond to Gaussian processes. Here we perturbatively extend this correspondence to…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-08-28 Sho Yaida

The infinitely wide neural network has been proven a useful and manageable mathematical model that enables the understanding of many phenomena appearing in deep learning. One example is the convergence of random deep networks to Gaussian…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-03-19 Thiziri Nait-Saada , Alireza Naderi , Jared Tanner

It has long been known that a single-layer fully-connected neural network with an i.i.d. prior over its parameters is equivalent to a Gaussian process (GP), in the limit of infinite network width. This correspondence enables exact Bayesian…

The analytic inference, e.g. predictive distribution being in closed form, may be an appealing benefit for machine learning practitioners when they treat wide neural networks as Gaussian process in Bayesian setting. The realistic widths,…

无序系统与神经网络 · 物理学 2023-08-01 Chi-Ken Lu

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in the correspondence between infinitely wide networks and Gaussian processes. Despite the effectiveness and elegance of the current neural network Gaussian process theory, to the best of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 Shao-Qun Zhang , Fei Wang , Feng-Lei Fan

Study of neural networks with infinite width is important for better understanding of the neural network in practical application. In this work, we derive the equivalence of the deep, infinite-width maxout network and the Gaussian process…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-08-29 Libin Liang , Ye Tian , Ge Cheng

There is a growing literature on the study of large-width properties of deep Gaussian neural networks (NNs), i.e. deep NNs with Gaussian-distributed parameters or weights, and Gaussian stochastic processes. Motivated by some empirical and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-11 Alberto Bordino , Stefano Favaro , Sandra Fortini

Recent developments in applications of artificial neural networks with over $n=10^{14}$ parameters make it extremely important to study the large $n$ behaviour of such networks. Most works studying wide neural networks have focused on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-10 Luís Carvalho , João Lopes Costa , José Mourão , Gonçalo Oliveira

We study the distribution of a fully connected neural network with random Gaussian weights and biases in which the hidden layer widths are proportional to a large constant $n$. Under mild assumptions on the non-linearity, we obtain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Stefano Favaro , Boris Hanin , Domenico Marinucci , Ivan Nourdin , Giovanni Peccati

We consider fully connected and feedforward deep neural networks with dependent and possibly heavy-tailed weights, as introduced in [26], to address limitations of the standard Gaussian prior. It has been proved in [26] that, as the number…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-14 Nicola Apollonio , Giovanni Franzina , Giovanni Luca Torrisi
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