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Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial to safety-critical machine learning applications and has been extensively studied. While recent studies have predominantly focused on classifier-based methods, research on deep generative model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-19 Genki Osada , Tsubasa Takahashi , Takashi Nishide

The problem of detecting whether a test sample is from in-distribution (i.e., training distribution by a classifier) or out-of-distribution sufficiently different from it arises in many real-world machine learning applications. However, the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-02-27 Kimin Lee , Honglak Lee , Kibok Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Our work investigates out-of-distribution (OOD) detection as a neural network output explanation problem. We learn a heatmap representation for detecting OOD images while visualizing in- and out-of-distribution image regions at the same…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-14 Julia Hornauer , Vasileios Belagiannis

Understanding the relationships between data points in the latent decision space derived by the deep learning system is critical to evaluating and interpreting the performance of the system on real world data. Detecting…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-11-20 Katie Rainey , Erin Hausmann , Donald Waagen , David Gray , Donald Hulsey

The key to out-of-distribution detection is density estimation of the in-distribution data or of its feature representations. This is particularly challenging for dense anomaly detection in domains where the in-distribution data has a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-15 Silvio Galesso , Max Argus , Thomas Brox

Machine learning models deployed on medical imaging tasks must be equipped with out-of-distribution detection capabilities in order to avoid erroneous predictions. It is unsure whether out-of-distribution detection models reliant on deep…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-28 Sebastian G. Popescu , David J. Sharp , James H. Cole , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Ben Glocker

Deep learning systems deployed in real-world applications often encounter data that is different from their in-distribution (ID). A reliable model should ideally abstain from making decisions in this out-of-distribution (OOD) setting.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Berker Demirel , Marco Fumero , Francesco Locatello

Deep Learning (DL) models tend to perform poorly when the data comes from a distribution different from the training one. In critical applications such as medical imaging, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection helps to identify such data…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-06-26 Daria Frolova , Anton Vasiliuk , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Robustness to out-of-distribution (OOD) data is an important goal in building reliable machine learning systems. Especially in autonomous systems, wrong predictions for OOD inputs can cause safety critical situations. As a first step…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-17 Andreas Sedlmeier , Thomas Gabor , Thomy Phan , Lenz Belzner , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Accurate trajectory prediction is essential for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles in real-world environments. Even well-trained machine learning models may produce unreliable predictions due to discrepancies between training data…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-04-24 Tongfe Guo , Taposh Banerjee , Rui Liu , Lili Su

Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection aims to justify whether a given sample is from the training distribution of the classifier-under-protection, i.e., In-Distribution (InD), or from OoD. Diffusion Models (DMs) are recently utilized in OoD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Kun Fang , Qinghua Tao , Zuopeng Yang , Xiaolin Huang , Jie Yang

Detecting data points deviating from the training distribution is pivotal for ensuring reliable machine learning. Extensive research has been dedicated to the challenge, spanning classical anomaly detection techniques to contemporary…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Xuefeng Du , Yiyou Sun , Yixuan Li

Deep Learning models are easily disturbed by variations in the input images that were not seen during training, resulting in unpredictable behaviours. Such Out-of-Distribution (OOD) images represent a significant challenge in the context of…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-10-28 Benjamin Lambert , Florence Forbes , Senan Doyle , Alan Tucholka , Michel Dojat

In satellite image analysis, distributional mismatch between the training and test data may arise due to several reasons, including unseen classes in the test data and differences in the geographic area. Deep learning based models may…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Jakob Gawlikowski , Sudipan Saha , Anna Kruspe , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Detecting whether examples belong to a given in-distribution or are Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) requires identifying features specific to the in-distribution. In the absence of labels, these features can be learned by self-supervised…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Nima Rafiee , Rahil Gholamipoorfard , Nikolas Adaloglou , Simon Jaxy , Julius Ramakers , Markus Kollmann

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) nodes in the graph-based machine-learning field is challenging, particularly when in-distribution (ID) node multi-category labels are unavailable. Thus, we focus on feature space rather than label space…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Shenzhi Yang , Junbo Zhao , Sharon Li , Shouqing Yang , Dingyu Yang , Xiaofang Zhang , Haobo Wang

After an autoencoder (AE) has learnt to reconstruct one dataset, it might be expected that the likelihood on an out-of-distribution (OOD) input would be low. This has been studied as an approach to detect OOD inputs. Recent work showed this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-29 Bang Xiang Yong , Tim Pearce , Alexandra Brintrup

Deep Neural Networks are actively being used in the design of autonomous Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). The advantage of these models is their ability to handle high-dimensional state-space and learn compact surrogate representations of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-27 Shreyas Ramakrishna , Zahra Rahiminasab , Gabor Karsai , Arvind Easwaran , Abhishek Dubey

Advancements in synthesized speech have created a growing threat of impersonation, making it crucial to develop deepfake algorithm recognition. One significant aspect is out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, which has gained notable…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-06-05 Renmingyue Du , Jixun Yao , Qiuqiang Kong , Yin Cao

Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) detection has received broad attention over the years, aiming to ensure the reliability and safety of deep neural networks (DNNs) in real-world scenarios by rejecting incorrect predictions. However, we notice a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-12-01 Yao Zhu , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaodan Li , Rong Zhang , Hui Xue , Xiang Tian , Rongxin Jiang , Bolun Zheng , Yaowu Chen