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In this perspective article, we discuss the challenges of imaging assemblies of particles in three dimensions. Starting from a brief motivation for the investigation of particulate materials, we provide an overview of experimental…

软凝聚态物质 · 物理学 2022-11-15 Matthias Schröter , Chen Lyu , Jiayun Huang , Kai Huang

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy provides information on coupling and energy transfer between excited states on ultrafast timescales. Only recently, incoherent fluorescence detection has made it possible to combine this method with…

光学 · 物理学 2025-05-14 Sanchayeeta Jana , Simon Durst , Lucas Ludwig , Markus Lippitz

In conventional x-ray ptychography, diffraction data is collected by scanning a sample through a monochromatic, and spatially coherent, x-ray beam. A high-resolution image is then retrieved using an iterative algorithm. Combined with a scan…

光学 · 物理学 2025-08-26 Wiebe Stolp , Silvia Cipiccia , Darren Batey , Matthieu Boone

Multispectral imaging has been used for numerous applications in e.g., environmental monitoring, aerospace, defense, and biomedicine. Here, we present a diffractive optical network-based multispectral imaging system trained using deep…

光学 · 物理学 2023-04-07 Deniz Mengu , Anika Tabassum , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

Two-Photon Laser-Scanning Microscopy is a powerful tool for exploring biological structure and function because of its ability to optically section through a sample with a tight focus. While it is possible to obtain 3D image stacks by…

生物物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Courtney Johnson , Jack Exell , Jonathon Kuo , Kevin Welsher

The fields of view of Extremely Large Telescopes will contain vast numbers of spatial sampling elements (spaxels) as their Adaptive Optics systems approach the diffraction limit over wide fields. Since this will exceed the detection…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2015-05-13 G. J. Murray , J. R. Allington-Smith

Today, most methods for image understanding tasks rely on feed-forward neural networks. While this approach has allowed for empirical accuracy, efficiency, and task adaptation via fine-tuning, it also comes with fundamental disadvantages.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-19 Julian Ost , Tanushree Banerjee , Mario Bijelic , Felix Heide

Object tracking is a key challenge of computer vision with various applications that all require different architectures. Most tracking systems have limitations such as constraining all movement to a 2D plane and they often track only one…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Lars Bredereke , Yale Hartmann , Tanja Schultz

Accurate interpretation of street-level imagery is essential for large-scale urban mapping and the creation of Spatial Digital Twin (SDT) environments. This work presents a unified framework for joint 2D-3D segmentation and association that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Amir Melnikov , Masayuki Tanaka , Yusuke Monno , Masatoshi Okutomi

We describe a method to track particles undergoing large displacements. Starting with a list of particle positions sampled at different time points, we assign particle identities by minimizing the sum across all particles of the trace of…

软凝聚态物质 · 物理学 2016-09-02 Rostislav Boltyanskiy , Jason W. Merrill , Eric R. Dufresne

We describe a multispeckle dynamic light scattering technique capable of resolving the motion of scattering sites in cases that this motion changes systematically with time. The method is based on the visibility of the speckle pattern…

软凝聚态物质 · 物理学 2007-05-23 R. Bandyopadhyay , A. S. Gittings , S. S. Suh , P. K. Dixon , D. J. Durian

We present a method for tracking Maximally Stable Homogeneous Regions (MSHR) in images with an arbitrary number of channels. MSHR are conceptionally very similar to Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER) and Maximally Stable Color Regions…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-07-27 Tobias Böttger , Christina Eisenhofer

Four dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) records the scattering of electrons in a material in great detail. The benefits offered by 4D STEM are substantial, with the wealth of data it provides facilitating for…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-12-09 Daen Jannis , Christoph Hofer , Chuang Gao , Xiaobin Xie , Armand Béché , Timothy J. Pennycook , Jo Verbeeck

Hyperspectral unmixing is an important remote sensing task with applications including material identification and analysis. Characteristic spectral features make many pure materials identifiable from their visible-to-infrared spectra, but…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-07-14 John Janiczek , Parth Thaker , Gautam Dasarathy , Christopher S. Edwards , Philip Christensen , Suren Jayasuriya

Chromatic dispersion, an inherent wavelength-dependent phenomenon in optical systems, has traditionally been regarded as a detrimental effect to be minimized in imaging and display. Here, we present a paradigm shift by deliberately…

光学 · 物理学 2025-12-19 Zi Wang , Dong Zhao , Li Liang , Hengyi Wang , Yuan Liu , Fang-Wen Sun , Kun Huang

Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEMs) are widely renowned for their ability to analyze the surface structures of microscopic objects, offering the capability to capture highly detailed, yet only grayscale, images. To create more expressive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Takuma Nishimura , Andreea Dogaru , Martin Oeggerli , Bernhard Egger

Advanced materials often consist of multiple elements which are arranged in a complicated structure. Quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy is useful to determine the composition and thickness of nanostructures at the atomic…

应用物理 · 物理学 2024-05-17 Zezhong Zhang , Ivan Lobato , Annick De Backer , Sandra Van Aert , Peter Nellist

Tracking of multiple objects is an important application in AI City geared towards solving salient problems related to safety and congestion in an urban environment. Frequent occlusion in traffic surveillance has been a major problem in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-08-24 Zheng Tang , Gaoang Wang , Tao Liu , Young-Gun Lee , Adwin Jahn , Xu Liu , Xiaodong He , Jenq-Neng Hwang

The multiplexing capability of metasurfaces has been successfully demonstrated in applications such as holography and diffractive neural networks. However, identifying a suitable structure that simultaneously satisfies the phase…

光学 · 物理学 2025-03-12 Chenxuan Xiang , Jumin Qiu , Qiegen Liu , Shuyuan Xiao , Tingting Liu

We introduce the first data-driven multi-view 3D point tracker, designed to track arbitrary points in dynamic scenes using multiple camera views. Unlike existing monocular trackers, which struggle with depth ambiguities and occlusion, or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Frano Rajič , Haofei Xu , Marko Mihajlovic , Siyuan Li , Irem Demir , Emircan Gündoğdu , Lei Ke , Sergey Prokudin , Marc Pollefeys , Siyu Tang
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