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Alignment is vital for safely deploying large language models (LLMs). Existing techniques are either reward-based (training a reward model on preference pairs and optimizing with reinforcement learning) or reward-free (directly fine-tuning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Ruoxi Cheng , Haoxuan Ma , Weixin Wang , Ranjie Duan , Jiexi Liu , Xiaoshuang Jia , Simeng Qin , Xiaochun Cao , Yang Liu , Xiaojun Jia

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) algorithms extend conventional reinforcement learning (RL) to the more general case of problems with multiple, conflicting objectives, represented by vector-valued rewards. Widely-used scalar RL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Peter Vamplew , Ethan , Watkins , Cameron Foale , Richard Dazeley

We study the use of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) as a tool for the recognition of agents' behavior on the basis of observation of their sequential decision behavior interacting with the environment. We model the problem faced by the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2013-03-22 Qifeng Qiao , Peter A. Beling

Deep reinforcement learning achieves superhuman performance in a range of video game environments, but requires that a designer manually specify a reward function. It is often easier to provide demonstrations of a target behavior than to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-26 Aaron Tucker , Adam Gleave , Stuart Russell

Recent advancements in deep reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated notable progress in sample efficiency, spanning both model-based and model-free paradigms. Despite the identification and mitigation of specific bottlenecks in prior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Yibo Wang , Jiang Zhao

Imitation learning demonstrates remarkable performance in various domains. However, imitation learning is also constrained by many prerequisites. The research community has done intensive research to alleviate these constraints, such as…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2023-01-19 Boyuan Zheng , Jianlong Zhou , Fang Chen

Invariant risk minimization (IRM) aims to enable out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization in deep learning by learning invariant representations. As IRM poses an inherently challenging bi-level optimization problem, most existing approaches…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Kotaro Yoshida , Konstantinos Slavakis

Imitation learning (IL) is a popular paradigm for training policies in robotic systems when specifying the reward function is difficult. However, despite the success of IL algorithms, they impose the somewhat unrealistic requirement that…

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is the problem of inferring the reward function of an agent, given its policy or observed behavior. Analogous to RL, IRL is perceived both as a problem and as a class of methods. By categorically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-19 Saurabh Arora , Prashant Doshi

The goal of meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) is to build agents that can quickly learn new tasks by leveraging prior experience on related tasks. Learning a new task often requires both exploring to gather task-relevant information and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-15 Evan Zheran Liu , Aditi Raghunathan , Percy Liang , Chelsea Finn

Reinforcement Learning (RL) requires a large amount of exploration especially in sparse-reward settings. Imitation Learning (IL) can learn from expert demonstrations without exploration, but it never exceeds the expert's performance and is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-27 Ryoya Ogishima , Izumi Karino , Yasuo Kuniyoshi

Not until recently, robust robot locomotion has been achieved by deep reinforcement learning (DRL). However, for efficient learning of parametrized bipedal walking, developed references are usually required, limiting the performance to that…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-12-14 Chong Zhang , Qi Wu , Liqian Ma , Hongyuan Su

Mastering robotic manipulation skills through reinforcement learning (RL) typically requires the design of shaped reward functions. Recent developments in this area have demonstrated that using sparse rewards, i.e. rewarding the agent only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-12 Ozsel Kilinc , Giovanni Montana

In recent years deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems have attained superhuman performance in a number of challenging task domains. However, a major limitation of such applications is their demand for massive amounts of training data. A…

Sample efficiency has been a key issue in reinforcement learning (RL). An efficient agent must be able to leverage its prior experiences to quickly adapt to similar, but new tasks and situations. Meta-RL is one attempt at formalizing and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-02 Seyed Roozbeh Razavi Rohani , Saeed Hedayatian , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is an effective method for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, reward over-optimization remains an open challenge leading to discrepancies between the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Juntao Dai , Taiye Chen , Yaodong Yang , Qian Zheng , Gang Pan

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) aims to reconstruct the reward function from expert demonstrations to facilitate policy learning, and has demonstrated its remarkable success in imitation learning. To promote expert-like behavior,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Shunyu Liu , Yunpeng Qing , Shuqi Xu , Hongyan Wu , Jiangtao Zhang , Jingyuan Cong , Tianhao Chen , Yunfu Liu , Mingli Song

With the increasing presence of robots in our every-day environments, improving their social skills is of utmost importance. Nonetheless, social robotics still faces many challenges. One bottleneck is that robotic behaviors need to be often…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-08-08 Anand Ballou , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Chris Reinke

Large language models (LLMs) are inherently vulnerable to unintended privacy breaches. Consequently, systematic red-teaming research is essential for developing robust defense mechanisms. However, current data extraction methods suffer from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Zhiqiang Wang , Ruoxi Cheng

This paper proposes an exploration-efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning with Reference policy (DRLR) framework for learning robotics tasks that incorporates demonstrations. The DRLR framework is developed based on an algorithm called…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Chengyandan Shen , Christoffer Sloth