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The flux of cosmic rays in the heliosphere is subjected to variations that are related to the Sun's magnetic activity. To study this effect, updated time series of multichannel observations are needed. Here we present a web application that…

空间物理 · 物理学 2022-10-13 David Pelosi , Nicola Tomassetti , Matteo Duranti

The observed variability of the cosmic-ray intensity in the interplanetary space is driven by the evolution of the Sun's magnetic activity over its 11-year quasiperiodical cycle. Investigating the relationship between solar activity indices…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-13 Nicola Tomassetti , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini

The solar modulation effect of Galactic cosmic rays is a time-dependent phenomenon that is caused by the transport of these particles through the magnetized plasma of the heliosphere. Using a data-driven model of cosmic-ray transport in the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-05-22 Miguel Orcinha , Nicola Tomassetti , Fernando Barão , Bruna Bertucci

Modern studies of the Sun involve coordinated observations collected from a collage of instruments on the ground and in orbit. Each instrument has its own constraints, such as field of view, duty cycle, and scheduling and commanding…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2018-07-02 Neal Hurlburt , Ryan Timmons , Ralph Seguin

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) inside the heliosphere are affected by magnetic turbulence and Solar wind disturbances which result in the so-called solar modulation effect. To investigate this phenomenon, we have performed a data-driven…

Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) have to travel through the heliosphere before they interact with the Earth's atmosphere. During this, they are deflected by the Sun's magnetic field, causing variations in this field to imprint on the flux,…

Thanks to space-borne experiments such as the AMS-02 and PAMELA missions in low-Earth orbit, along with the Voyager spacecrafts in the interstellar space, a large collection of multi-channel and time-resolved Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) data…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-06 Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , Behrouz Khiali , Nicola Tomassetti

Understanding the time-dependent relationship between the Sun's variability and cosmic rays (GCR) is essential for developing predictive models of energetic radiation in space. When traveling inside the heliosphere, GCRs are affected by…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2023-03-23 N. Tomassetti , E. Fiandrini , B. Bertucci , F. Donnini , M. Graziani , B. Khiali , A. Reina Conde

This is an overview of the solar modulation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. It is a broad topic with numerous intriguing aspects so that a research framework has to be chosen to concentrate on. The review focuses on the basic paradigms…

空间物理 · 物理学 2016-11-26 Marius Potgieter

The solar modulation effect of cosmic rays in the heliosphere is an energy-, time-, and particle-dependent phenomenon which arises from a combination of basic particle transport processes such as diffusion, convection, adiabatic cooling,…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-07-31 Nicola Tomassetti , Miguel Orcinha , Fernando Barao , Bruna Bertucci

Solar and heliospheric cosmic rays provide a unique perspective in cosmic ray research: we can observe not only the particles, but also the properties of the plasmas in which the they are accelerated and propagate, using in situ and…

空间物理 · 物理学 2017-02-20 T. Laitinen

The intensity and energy spectrum of galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere are significantly influenced by the 11-year solar cycle, a phenomenon known as solar modulation. Understanding this effect and its underlying physical mechanisms…

Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) inside the heliosphere are affected by solar modulation. To investigate this phenomenon and its underlying physical mechanisms, we have performed a data-driven analysis of the temporal dependence of the CR proton…

When traveling in the heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are subjected to the solar modulation effect, a quasiperiodical change of their intensity caused by the 11-year cycle of solar activity. Here we investigate the association of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-11-22 Nicola Tomassetti , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini

A key goal of heliophysics is to understand how cosmic rays propagate in the solar system's complex, dynamic environment. One observable is solar modulation, i.e., how the flux and spectrum of cosmic rays changes as they propagate inward.…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-09-22 Jung-Tsung Li , John F. Beacom , Annika H. G. Peter

The intensity and energy spectrum of energetic charged radiation in the heliosphere are significantly influenced by solar activity. This phenomenon is known as solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays. As interplanetary travel becomes a…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2025-09-16 Miguel Orcinha , Fernando Barão , Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , David Pelosi , Nicola Tomassetti

Propagation of cosmic rays (CRs) from their sources to the observer is described mainly as plain diffusion at high energies, while at lower energies there are other physical processes involved, both in the interstellar space and in the…

Spectra of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) measured at the Earth are the combination of several processes: sources production and acceleration, propagation in the interstellar medium and propagation in the heliosphere. Inside the solar cavity…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-08-23 P. Bobik , G. Boella , M. J. Boschini , C. Consolandi , S. Della Torre , M. Gervasi , D. Grandi , K. Kudela , E. Memola , S. Pensotti , P. G. Rancoita , M. Tacconi

When entering the heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are influenced by magnetic turbulence and Solar wind disturbances, which cause the so-called "solar modulation" effect. Understanding the time-dependent relationship between the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-06 Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , Behrouz Khiali , Nicola Tomassetti

Measuring the cosmic ray flux over timescales comparable to the age of the solar system, $\sim 4.5\,$Gyr, could provide a new window on the history of the Earth, the solar system, and even our galaxy. We present a technique to indirectly…

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