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Demonstrations are widely used in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) for facilitating solving tasks with sparse rewards. However, the tasks in real-world scenarios can often have varied initial conditions from the demonstration, which would…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Ruiqi Zhu , Siyuan Li , Tianhong Dai , Chongjie Zhang , Oya Celiktutan

Efficient exploration remains a major challenge for reinforcement learning. One reason is that the variability of the returns often depends on the current state and action, and is therefore heteroscedastic. Classical exploration strategies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-03-26 Nikolay Nikolov , Johannes Kirschner , Felix Berkenkamp , Andreas Krause

Count-based exploration algorithms are known to perform near-optimally when used in conjunction with tabular reinforcement learning (RL) methods for solving small discrete Markov decision processes (MDPs). It is generally thought that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-12-06 Haoran Tang , Rein Houthooft , Davis Foote , Adam Stooke , Xi Chen , Yan Duan , John Schulman , Filip De Turck , Pieter Abbeel

Exploration in high-dimensional, continuous spaces with sparse rewards is an open problem in reinforcement learning. Artificial curiosity algorithms address this by creating rewards that lead to exploration. Given a reinforcement learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-08 Alexander Nedergaard , Matthew Cook

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted much attention due to its ability in learning from static offline datasets and eliminating the need of interacting with the environment. Nevertheless, the success of offline RL relies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Jiafei Lyu , Xiaoteng Ma , Le Wan , Runze Liu , Xiu Li , Zongqing Lu

A major challenge in reinforcement learning is exploration, when local dithering methods such as epsilon-greedy sampling are insufficient to solve a given task. Many recent methods have proposed to intrinsically motivate an agent to seek…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-15 Riley Simmons-Edler , Ben Eisner , Daniel Yang , Anthony Bisulco , Eric Mitchell , Sebastian Seung , Daniel Lee

The history of learning for control has been an exciting back and forth between two broad classes of algorithms: planning and reinforcement learning. Planning algorithms effectively reason over long horizons, but assume access to a local…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-06-13 Benjamin Eysenbach , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

A key challenge to deploying reinforcement learning in practice is avoiding excessive (harmful) exploration in individual episodes. We propose a natural constraint on exploration -- \textit{uniformly} outperforming a conservative policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-27 Wanqiao Xu , Jason Yecheng Ma , Kan Xu , Hamsa Bastani , Osbert Bastani

A promising technique for exploration is to maximize the entropy of visited state distribution, i.e., state entropy, by encouraging uniform coverage of visited state space. While it has been effective for an unsupervised setup, it tends to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-12 Dongyoung Kim , Jinwoo Shin , Pieter Abbeel , Younggyo Seo

Reinforcement learning (RL) with sparse and deceptive rewards is challenging because non-zero rewards are rarely obtained. Hence, the gradient calculated by the agent can be stochastic and without valid information. Recent studies that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-08 Guojian Wang , Faguo Wu , Xiao Zhang , Jianxiang Liu

With the continuous advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), intelligent agents are becoming increasingly vital. However, these agents often fail in environments governed by implicit rules--hidden constraints that cannot be observed…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Wentong Chen , Xin Cong , Zhong Zhang , Yaxi Lu , Siyuan Zhao , Yesai Wu , Qinyu Luo , Haotian Chen , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Bayesian inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) methods are ideal for safe imitation learning, as they allow a learning agent to reason about reward uncertainty and the safety of a learned policy. However, Bayesian IRL is computationally…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-11 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

The Branch-and-bound (B&B) algorithm is the main solver for Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs), where the selection of branching variable is essential to computational efficiency. However, traditional heuristics for branching often fail…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Dou Jiabao , Nie Jiayi , Yihang Cheng , Jinwei Liu , Yingrui Ji , Canran Xiao , Feixiang Du , Jiaping Xiao

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is the problem of inferring the reward function of an agent, given its policy or observed behavior. Analogous to RL, IRL is perceived both as a problem and as a class of methods. By categorically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-19 Saurabh Arora , Prashant Doshi

Achieving efficient and scalable exploration in complex domains poses a major challenge in reinforcement learning. While Bayesian and PAC-MDP approaches to the exploration problem offer strong formal guarantees, they are often impractical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2015-11-23 Bradly C. Stadie , Sergey Levine , Pieter Abbeel

Multi-agent learning is a promising method to simulate aggregate competitive behaviour in finance. Learning expert agents' reward functions through their external demonstrations is hence particularly relevant for subsequent design of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-13 Jacobo Roa-Vicens , Cyrine Chtourou , Angelos Filos , Francisco Rullan , Yarin Gal , Ricardo Silva

When an RL agent's observations contain distractors driven by the same confounders as its true state, observational data alone cannot identify which dimensions the agent controls. In our benchmarks, even state-conditioned observational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Jiaxin Liu , Anzhe Cheng , Paul Bogdan

Reinforcement Learning enables to train an agent via interaction with the environment. However, in the majority of real-world scenarios, the extrinsic feedback is sparse or not sufficient, thus intrinsic reward formulations are needed to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-07 Patrik Reizinger , Márton Szemenyei

Safe exploration aims at addressing the limitations of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in safety-critical scenarios, where failures during trial-and-error learning may incur high costs. Several methods exist to incorporate external knowledge or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-13 Xiaotong Ji , Antonio Filieri

Reinforcement learning has enabled agents to solve challenging tasks in unknown environments. However, manually crafting reward functions can be time consuming, expensive, and error prone to human error. Competing objectives have been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-11 Brendon Matusch , Jimmy Ba , Danijar Hafner