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The absence of adequately sufficient expert-level tumor annotations hinders the effectiveness of supervised learning based opportunistic cancer screening on medical imaging. Clinical reports (that are rich in descriptive textual details)…
Study on mechanical properties of one-dimensional layered titanate nanomaterials is crucial since they demonstrate important applications in various fields. Here, we conducted ex situ and in situ atomic-scale investigation on bending…
Plasmons --the collective oscillations of electrons in conducting materials-- play a pivotal role in nanophotonics because of their ability to couple electronic and photonic degrees of freedom. In particular, plasmons in graphene --the…
For layered materials, the interlayer stacking is a critical degree of freedom tuning electronic properties, while its microscopic characterization faces great challenges. The transition-metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS$_2$ represents a novel…
Deep learning (DL) has proven highly effective for ultrasound-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of breast cancers. In an automaticCAD system, lesion detection is critical for the following diagnosis. However, existing DL-based methods…
The physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials may drastically vary with their thickness profiles. Current thickness profiling methods for 2D material (e.g., atomic force microscopy and ellipsometry) are limited in measurement…
Observing the hybridisation kinetics of DNA probes immobilised on plasmonic nanoparticles is key in plamon enhanced fluorescence detection from weak emitting species, and refractive index based single-molecule detection on optoplasmonic…
Label-free metabolic dynamics contrast is highly appealing but difficult to achieve in biomedical imaging. Interference offers a highly sensitive mechanism for capturing the metabolic dynamics of the subcellular scatterers. However,…
Integrated nanophotonic biosensors offer a promising route toward future biomedical detection applications that may enable inexpensive, portable, and sensitive diagnosis of diseases with a small amount of biological samples for convenient…
To develop highly sensitive, stable and repeatable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates is crucial for analytical detection, which is a challenge for traditional metallic structures. Herein, by taking advantage of the high…
Genetic analysis methods are foundational to advancing personalized and preventative medicine, accelerating disease diagnostics, and monitoring the health of organisms and ecosystems. Current nucleic acid technologies such as polymerase…
Cancer is a leading cause of death in many countries. An early diagnosis of cancer based on biomedical imaging ensures effective treatment and a better prognosis. However, biomedical imaging presents challenges to both clinical institutions…
Aberration-corrected optics have made electron microscopy at atomic-resolution a widespread and often essential tool for nanocharacterization. Image resolution is dominated by beam energy and the numerical aperture of the lens ({\alpha}),…
Creating plasmonic nanoparticles on a tapered optical fiber tip enables a remote SERS sensing probe, ideal for challenging sampling scenarios like biological tissue, specific cells, on-site environmental monitoring, and deep brain…
Cancer remains a significant health challenge worldwide, with a new diagnosis occurring every two minutes in the UK. Surgery is one of the main treatment options for cancer. However, surgeons rely on the sense of touch and naked eye with…
High-dimensional feature spaces in particle physics events pose a fundamental challenge to density-estimation-based weakly supervised anomaly detection, whose fidelity degrades rapidly with an increasing number of dimensions. We propose a…
Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) allows examining structure of materials in nano and sub-nanometer scale. This technique is based on the lifetime and intensity of ortho-positronium atoms in free volumes of given…
Recent advances in high-resolution biomedical imaging focusing on morphological, electrical, and biochemical properties of cells and tissues, scaling from cell clusters down to the molecular level, have improved cancer diagnosis. Multiscale…
The clinical management of breast cancer depends on an accurate understanding of the tumor and its anatomical context to adjacent tissues and landmark structures. This context may be provided by semantic segmentation methods; however,…
Optoelectronic devices based on graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are the focus of wide research interest. The characterization these emerging atomically thin materials and…