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Among all privacy attacks against Machine Learning (ML), membership inference attacks (MIA) attracted the most attention. In these attacks, the attacker is given an ML model and a data point, and they must infer whether the data point was…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Bram van Dartel , Marc Damie , Florian Hahn

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) reveal whether specific data was used to train machine learning models, serving as important tools for privacy auditing and compliance assessment. Recent studies have reported that MIAs perform only…

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training while keeping training data localized, allowing us to preserve privacy in various domains including remote sensing. However, recent studies show that FL models may still leak…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Anh-Kiet Duong , Petra Gomez-Krämer , Hoàng-Ân Lê , Minh-Tan Pham

Federated learning (FL) is a popular approach to facilitate privacy-aware machine learning since it allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without granting others access to their private data. It is, however, known…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-03 Hongsheng Hu , Xuyun Zhang , Zoran Salcic , Lichao Sun , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Gillian Dobbie

With the emergence of new evaluation metrics and attack methodologies for Membership Inference Attacks (MIA), it becomes essential to reevaluate previously accepted assumptions. In this paper, we revisit the longstanding debate regarding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Fateme Rahmani , Mahdi Jafari Siavoshani , Mohammad Hossein Rohban

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the promise to revolutionize computing broadly, but their complexity and extensive training data also expose significant privacy vulnerabilities. One of the simplest privacy risks associated with LLMs is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Rongting Zhang , Martin Bertran , Aaron Roth

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are widely used to quantify training data memorization and assess privacy risks. Standard evaluation requires repeated retraining, which is computationally costly for large models. One-run methods (single…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Mathieu Even , Clément Berenfeld , Linus Bleistein , Tudor Cebere , Julie Josse , Aurélien Bellet

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a specific example was used to train a given language model. While prior work has explored prompt-based attacks such as ReCALL, these methods rely heavily on the assumption that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Gyuwan Kim , Yang Li , Evangelia Spiliopoulou , Jie Ma , William Yang Wang

This study investigates the privacy risks associated with text embeddings, focusing on the scenario where attackers cannot access the original embedding model. Contrary to previous research requiring direct model access, we explore a more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Yu-Hsiang Huang , Yuche Tsai , Hsiang Hsiao , Hong-Yi Lin , Shou-De Lin

The usage of deep learning is being escalated in many applications. Due to its outstanding performance, it is being used in a variety of security and privacy-sensitive areas in addition to conventional applications. One of the key aspects…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-05-17 Zhaoxi Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang , Xufei Zheng , Bilal Hussain Abbasi , Shengshan Hu

Machine learning (ML) has become a core component of many real-world applications and training data is a key factor that drives current progress. This huge success has led Internet companies to deploy machine learning as a service (MLaaS).…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-12-18 Ahmed Salem , Yang Zhang , Mathias Humbert , Pascal Berrang , Mario Fritz , Michael Backes

Machine learning (ML) models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs), which determine whether a given input is used for training the target model. While there have been many efforts to mitigate MIAs, they often suffer from…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-07-06 Zitao Chen , Karthik Pattabiraman

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a data sample was included in a machine learning (ML) model's training set and have become the de facto standard for measuring privacy leakages in ML. We propose an evaluation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Najeeb Jebreel , David Sánchez , Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Safety classifiers are essential safeguards within generative AI systems, filtering harmful content or identifying at-risk users when interacting with large language models. Despite their necessity, these models are trained on sensitive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Anthony Hughes , Alexander Goldberg , Prince Jha , Adam Perer , Nikolaos Aletras , Niloofar Mireshghallah

The ability to transfer adversarial attacks from one model (the surrogate) to another model (the victim) has been an issue of concern within the machine learning (ML) community. The ability to successfully evade unseen models represents an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-28 Luke E. Richards , André Nguyen , Ryan Capps , Steven Forsythe , Cynthia Matuszek , Edward Raff

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising privacy-aware paradigm that allows multiple clients to jointly train a model without sharing their private data. Recently, many studies have shown that FL is vulnerable to membership…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-14 Hongsheng Hu , Zoran Salcic , Lichao Sun , Gillian Dobbie , Xuyun Zhang

Purveyors of malicious network attacks continue to increase the complexity and the sophistication of their techniques, and their ability to evade detection continues to improve as well. Hence, intrusion detection systems must also evolve to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-02-20 Ahmed Shafee , Mohamed Baza , Douglas A. Talbert , Mostafa M. Fouda , Mahmoud Nabil , Mohamed Mahmoud

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are widely used to assess the privacy risks associated with machine learning models. However, when these attacks are applied to pre-trained large language models (LLMs), they encounter significant…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Meng Tong , Yuntao Du , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Ninghui Li

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) act as a crucial auditing tool for the opaque training data of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing techniques predominantly rely on inaccessible model internals (e.g., logits) or suffer from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Jiatong Yi , Yanyang Li

Membership inference attack (MIA) poses a significant privacy threat in federated learning (FL) as it allows adversaries to determine whether a client's private dataset contains a specific data sample. While defenses against membership…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Quan Minh Nguyen , Min-Seon Kim , Hoang M. Ngo , Trong Nghia Hoang , Hyuk-Yoon Kwon , My T. Thai