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Anomaly detection is to recognize samples that differ in some respect from the training observations. These samples which do not conform to the distribution of normal data are called outliers or anomalies. In real-world anomaly detection…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-05 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

We develop techniques to quantify the degree to which a given (training or testing) example is an outlier in the underlying distribution. We evaluate five methods to score examples in a dataset by how well-represented the examples are, for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-30 Nicholas Carlini , Úlfar Erlingsson , Nicolas Papernot

In satellite image analysis, distributional mismatch between the training and test data may arise due to several reasons, including unseen classes in the test data and differences in the geographic area. Deep learning based models may…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Jakob Gawlikowski , Sudipan Saha , Anna Kruspe , Xiao Xiang Zhu

An ever-growing number of vulnerabilities are reported every day. Yet these vulnerabilities are not all the same; Some are more targeted than others. Correctly estimating the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited is a critical task…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-04-21 Hadi Eskandari , Michael Bewong , Sabih ur Rehman

Out-of-distribution (OOD) object detection is an important yet underexplored task. A reliable object detector should be able to handle OOD objects by localizing and correctly classifying them as OOD. However, a critical issue arises when…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Sadia Ilyas , Annika Mütze , Klaus Friedrichs , Thomas Kurbiel , Matthias Rottmann

Deep Learning models possess two key traits that, in combination, make their use in the real world a risky prospect. One, they do not typically generalize well outside of the distribution for which they were trained, and two, they tend to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-29 Jonathan S. Kent , Bo Li

In the context of classification problems, Deep Learning (DL) approaches represent state of art. Many DL approaches are based on variations of standard multi-layer feed-forward neural networks. These are also referred to as deep networks.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-21 Andrea Apicella , Francesco Isgrò , Roberto Prevete

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection discerns OOD data where the predictor cannot make valid predictions as in-distribution (ID) data, thereby increasing the reliability of open-world classification. However, it is typically hard to collect…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-06 Haotian Zheng , Qizhou Wang , Zhen Fang , Xiaobo Xia , Feng Liu , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han

RF devices can be identified by unique imperfections embedded in the signals they transmit called RF fingerprints. The closed set classification of such devices, where the identification must be made among an authorized set of transmitters,…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-08-31 Samurdhi Karunaratne , Samer Hanna , Danijela Cabric

Outlier detection is an important topic in machine learning and has been used in a wide range of applications. In this paper, we approach outlier detection as a binary-classification issue by sampling potential outliers from a uniform…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-03-19 Yezheng Liu , Zhe Li , Chong Zhou , Yuanchun Jiang , Jianshan Sun , Meng Wang , Xiangnan He

Recent advances in Out-of-Distribution (OOD) Detection is the driving force behind safe and reliable deployment of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in real world applications. However, existing studies focus on OOD detection through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Hao Fu , Tunhou Zhang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

Anomaly detection is a classical problem in computer vision, namely the determination of the normal from the abnormal when datasets are highly biased towards one class (normal) due to the insufficient sample size of the other class…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-11-14 Samet Akcay , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Toby P. Breckon

We present a new methodology for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) images by utilizing norms of the score estimates at multiple noise scales. A score is defined to be the gradient of the log density with respect to the input data. Our…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-24 Ahsan Mahmood , Junier Oliva , Martin Styner

We introduce an online outlier detection algorithm to detect outliers in a sequentially observed data stream. For this purpose, we use a two-stage filtering and hedging approach. In the first stage, we construct a multi-modal probability…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-03-13 Mohammadreza Mohaghegh Neyshabouri , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

Recently, many zero-shot learning (ZSL) methods focused on learning discriminative object features in an embedding feature space, however, the distributions of the unseen-class features learned by these methods are prone to be partly…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-09-01 Bo Liu , Qiulei Dong , Zhanyi Hu

Detecting test-time distribution shift has emerged as a key capability for safely deployed machine learning models, with the question being tackled under various guises in recent years. In this paper, we aim to provide a consolidated view…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Hongjun Wang , Sagar Vaze , Kai Han

Training computer vision models usually requires collecting and labeling vast amounts of imagery under a diverse set of scene configurations and properties. This process is incredibly time-consuming, and it is challenging to ensure that the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-26 Yunhao Ge , Harkirat Behl , Jiashu Xu , Suriya Gunasekar , Neel Joshi , Yale Song , Xin Wang , Laurent Itti , Vibhav Vineet

This paper proposes a Deep Learning based edge detector, which is inspired on both HED (Holistically-Nested Edge Detection) and Xception networks. The proposed approach generates thin edge-maps that are plausible for human eyes; it can be…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-02-05 Xavier Soria , Edgar Riba , Angel D. Sappa

Large-scale transformers achieve impressive results on program synthesis benchmarks, yet their true generalization capabilities remain obscured by data contamination and opaque training corpora. To rigorously assess whether models are truly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Henrik Voigt , Michael Habeck , Joachim Giesen

Acquiring and annotating suitable datasets for training deep learning models is challenging. This often results in tedious and time-consuming efforts that can hinder research progress. However, generative models have emerged as a promising…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Andrea Lampis , Eugenio Lomurno , Matteo Matteucci