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Reinforcement learning for LLMs is vulnerable to reward hacking, where models exploit shortcuts to maximize reward without solving the intended task. We systematically study this phenomenon in coding tasks using an environment-manipulation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Rui Wu , Ruixiang Tang

While code large language models have demonstrated remarkable progress in code generation, the generated code often exhibits poor runtime efficiency, limiting its practical application in performance-sensitive scenarios. To address this…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Yunlong Feng , Yang Xu , Xiao Xu , Binyuan Hui , Junyang Lin

Joint safety and security analysis of cyber-physical systems is a necessary step to correctly capture inter-dependencies between these properties. Attack-Fault Trees represent a combination of dynamic Fault Trees and Attack Trees and can be…

Exploitation of heap vulnerabilities has been on the rise, leading to many devastating attacks. Conventional heap patch generation is a lengthy procedure, requiring intensive manual efforts. Worse, fresh patches tend to harm system…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-12-12 Qiang Zeng , Golam Kayas , Emil Mohammed , Lannan Luo , Xiaojiang Du , Junghwan Rhee

Smart contracts are important for digital finance, yet they are hard to patch once deployed. Prior work has mainly explored LLMs for smart contract vulnerability detection, leaving end-to-end automated exploit generation (AEG) much less…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 ZeKe Xiao , Qin Wang , Yuekang Li , Shiping Chen

Open-source software supply chain security relies heavily on assessing affected versions of library vulnerabilities. While prior studies have leveraged exploits for verifying vulnerability affected versions, they point out a key limitation…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Zirui Chen , Qi Zhan , Jiayuan Zhou , Xing Hu , Xin Xia , Xiaohu Yang

Generative code models (GCMs) significantly enhance development efficiency through automated code generation and code summarization. However, building and training these models require computational resources and time, necessitating…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Haoxuan Li , Jiale Zhang , Xiaobing Sun , Xiapu Luo

Software security remains a critical concern, particularly as junior developers, often lacking comprehensive knowledge of security practices, contribute to codebases. While there are tools to help developers proactively write secure code,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-09-05 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Mazal Bethany , Dylan Manuel , Murtuza Jadliwala , Peyman Najafirad

Context: Software Vulnerability Assessment (SVA) plays a vital role in evaluating and ranking vulnerabilities in software systems to ensure their security and reliability. Objective: Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Zhijie Chen , Xiang Chen , Ziming Li , Jiacheng Xue , Chaoyang Gao

Stealing attacks pose a persistent threat to the intellectual property of deployed machine-learning systems. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) intensifies this risk by extending the attack surface beyond model weights to knowledge base…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-06 Mengyu Yao , Ziqi Zhang , Ning Luo , Shaofei Li , Yifeng Cai , Xiangqun Chen , Yao Guo , Ding Li

Large language models (LLMs) are now widely used to draft and refactor code, but code that works is not necessarily secure. We evaluate secure code generation using the Instruct Prime, which eliminated compliance-required prompts and cue…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Arup Datta , Ahmed Aljohani , Hyunsook Do

Smart contract vulnerabilities can cause substantial financial losses due to the immutability of code after deployment. While existing tools detect vulnerabilities, they cannot effectively repair them. In this paper, we propose SCPatcher, a…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Xiaoqi Li , Shipeng Ye , Wenkai Li , Zongwei Li

Each year, software vulnerabilities are discovered, which pose significant risks of exploitation and system compromise. We present a convolutional neural network model that can successfully identify bugs in C code. We trained our model…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 C. Seas , G. Fitzpatrick , J. A. Hamilton , M. C. Carlisle

Recent studies have adopted pre-trained language models, such as CodeT5 and CodeGPT, for automated program generation tasks like code generation, repair, and translation. Numerous language model-based approaches have been proposed and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Yue Liu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Yonghui Liu , Li Li

Most state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) classification systems are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. As a consequence, adversarial robustness poses a significant challenge for the deployment of ML-based systems in safety- and…

The widespread use of Android applications has made them a prime target for cyberattacks, significantly increasing the risk of malware that threatens user privacy, security, and device functionality. Effective malware detection is thus…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Saraga S. , Anagha M. S. , Dincy R. Arikkat , Rafidha Rehiman K. A. , Serena Nicolazzo , Antonino Nocera , Vinod P

The development of quantum computers has been advancing rapidly in recent years. As quantum computers become more widely accessible, potentially malicious users could try to execute their code on the machines to leak information from other…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-09-13 Jerry Tan , Chuanqi Xu , Theodoros Trochatos , Jakub Szefer

The emergence of smart contracts brings security risks, exposing users to the threat of losing valuable cryptocurrencies, underscoring the urgency of meticulous scrutiny. Nevertheless, the static analysis of smart contracts in EVM bytecode…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Dingding Wang , Jianting He , Yizheng Yang , Lei Wu , Rui Chang , Yajin Zhou

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in the field of code generation. However, as more and more users rely on these models for software development, the security risks associated with code generation…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-21 Shangxi Wu , Jitao Sang

Efficient and accurate decoding of quantum error-correcting codes is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation, however, it is challenging due to the degeneracy of errors, the complex code topology, and the large space for logical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-28 Hanyan Cao , Feng Pan , Dongyang Feng , Yijia Wang , Pan Zhang