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Email is a channel of communication which is considered to be a confidential medium of communication for exchange of information among individuals and organisations. The confidentiality consideration about e-mail is no longer the case as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-15 Nmachi Peace Wosah , Thomas Win

Modern phishing campaigns increasingly evade snapshot-based URL classifiers using interaction gates (e.g., checkbox/slider challenges), delayed content rendering, and logo-less credential harvesters. This shifts URL triage from static…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Haolin Zhang , William Reber , Yuxuan Zhang , Guofei Gu , Jeff Huang

Phishing attacks, typically carried out by email, remain a significant cybersecurity threat with attackers creating legitimate-looking websites to deceive recipients into revealing sensitive information or executing harmful actions. In this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-03 Wei Kang , Nan Wang , Jang Seung , Shuo Wang , Alsharif Abuadbba

In this paper we employ quantitative measurements of cognitive vulnerability triggers in phishing emails to predict the degree of success of an attack. To achieve this we rely on the cognitive psychology literature and develop an automated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-05-30 Amber van der Heijden , Luca Allodi

Phishing is a form of cybercrime and a threat that allows criminals, phishers, to deceive end users in order to steal their confidential and sensitive information. Attackers usually attempt to manipulate the psychology and emotions of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-23 Mousa Jari

Phishing attacks remain a significant threat to modern cybersecurity, as they successfully deceive both humans and the defense mechanisms intended to protect them. Traditional detection systems primarily focus on email metadata that users…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Even Eilertsen , Vasileios Mavroeidis , Gudmund Grov

Malicious URLs pose significant security risks as they facilitate phishing attacks, distribute malware, and empower attackers to deface websites. Blacklist detection methods fail to identify new or obfuscated URLs because they depend on…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Md. Ifthekhar Hossain , Kazi Abdullah Al Arafat , Bryce Shepard , Kayd Craig , Imtiaz Parvez

Typosquatting is a long-standing cyber threat that exploits human error in typing URLs to deceive users, distribute malware, and conduct phishing attacks. With the proliferation of domain names and new Top-Level Domains (TLDs),…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-31 Jackson Welch

Web attack detection is the first line of defense for securing web applications, designed to preemptively identify malicious activities. Deep learning-based approaches are increasingly popular for their advantages: automatically learning…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Kangqiang Luo , Yi Xie , Shiqian Zhao , Jing Pan

Phishing email is a serious cyber threat that tries to deceive users by sending false emails with the intention of stealing confidential information or causing financial harm. Attackers, often posing as trustworthy entities, exploit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Mohammad Amaz Uddin , Md Mahiuddin , Iqbal H. Sarker

Phishing is a kind of attack in which criminals use spoofed emails and fraudulent web sites to trick financial organization and customers. Criminals try to lure online users by convincing them to reveal the username, passwords, credit card…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2013-02-05 Ammar ALmomani , B. B. Gupta , Tat-Chee Wan , Altyeb Altaher , Selvakumar Manickam

Phishing continues to pose a significant cybersecurity threat. While blocklists currently serve as a primary defense, due to their reactive, passive nature, these delayed responses leave phishing websites operational long enough to harm…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-18 Kyungchan Lim , Raffaele Sommese , Mattis Jonker , Ricky Mok , kc claffy , Doowon Kim

Machine learning (ML) has developed rapidly in the past few years and has successfully been utilized for a broad range of tasks, including phishing detection. However, building an effective ML-based detection system is not a trivial task,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-30 Rizka Purwanto , Arindam Pal , Alan Blair , Sanjay Jha

When large language models are trained on private data, it can be a significant privacy risk for them to memorize and regurgitate sensitive information. In this work, we propose a new practical data extraction attack that we call "neural…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Ashwinee Panda , Christopher A. Choquette-Choo , Zhengming Zhang , Yaoqing Yang , Prateek Mittal

Background. The recent surge in phishing attacks keeps undermining the effectiveness of the traditional anti-phishing blacklist approaches. On-device anti-phishing solutions are gaining popularity as they offer faster phishing detection…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Ivan Petrukha , Nataliia Stulova , Sergii Kryvoblotskyi

Phishing remains one of the most pervasive cybersecurity threats, shifting the focus from technological vulnerabilities to human cognitive and psychological factors. In coherence with the trend of studies on phishing to increasingly focus…

Protecting users from accessing malicious web sites is one of the important management tasks for network operators. There are many open-source and commercial products to control web sites users can access. The most traditional approach is…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-11-12 Keiichi Shima , Daisuke Miyamoto , Hiroshi Abe , Tomohiro Ishihara , Kazuya Okada , Yuji Sekiya , Hirochika Asai , Yusuke Doi

We present a federated, multi-modal phishing website detector that supports URL, HTML, and IMAGE inputs without binding clients to a fixed modality at inference: any client can invoke any modality head trained elsewhere. Methodologically,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Bo Wang , Imran Khan , Martin White , Natalia Beloff

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence in various applications, including security. This paper explores the utility of LLMs in scam detection, a critical aspect of cybersecurity. Unlike traditional applications, we propose a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Liming Jiang

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened the threat of phishing emails by enabling the generation of highly targeted, personalized, and automated attacks. Traditionally, many phishing emails have been characterized by…