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We present results of an investigation into the formation of nitrogen-bearing molecules in the atmosphere of Titan. We extend a previous model (Li et al. 2015, 2016) to cover the region below the tropopause, so the new model treats the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-10-05 Karen Willacy , Mark Allen , Yuk Yung

Thermal radiation becomes a prominent feature in the continuum spectrum of Venus longwards of $\sim$3 $\mu$m. The emission is traceable to the upper cloud and haze layers in the planet's mesosphere. Venus' thermal radiation spectrum is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-07 A. García Muñoz , P. Wolkenberg , A. Sánchez-Lavega , R. Hueso , I. Garate-Lopez

The composition of a planet's atmosphere is determined by its formation, evolution, and present-day insolation. A planet's spectrum therefore may hold clues on its origins. We present a "chain" of models, linking the formation of a planet…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-11-23 Christoph Mordasini , Roy van Boekel , Paul Mollière , Thomas Henning , Björn Benneke

Few spacecraft have studied the dynamics of Venus' deep atmosphere, which is needed to understand the interactions between the surface and atmosphere. Recent global simulations suggest a strong effect of the diurnal cycle of surface winds…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-18 Maxence Lefèvre

Recent structure models of Jupiter suggest the existence of an extended region in the deep interior with a high heavy element abundance, referred to as a dilute core. This finding has led to increased interest in modelling the formation and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-12-02 Jesse Polman , Christoph Mordasini

The absence of plate tectonics and the young surface age (0.3-1 billion years) of Venus have led to diverse geodynamic models for Venus. The energetics of the Venusian interior drive these models; however, the lack of direct constraints on…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-14 Javier Ruiz , Alberto Jiménez-Díaz , Isabel Egea-González , Ignacio Romeo , Jon F. Kirby , Pascal Audet

For decades the limited thickness of Vesta's basaltic crust, revealed by the link between the asteroid and the howardite-eucrite-diogenite family of meteorites, and its survival to collisional erosion offered an important constraint for the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-18 D. Turrini , V. Svetsov , G. Consolmagno , S. Sirono , M. Jutzi

In the pebble accretion scenario, the pebbles that form planets drift inward from the outer disk regions, carrying water ice with them. At the water ice line, the water ice on the inward drifting pebbles evaporates and is released into the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-05-05 Bertram Bitsch , Sean N. Raymond , Lars A. Buchhave , Aaron Bello-Arufe , Alexander D. Rathcke , Aaron David Schneider

Simulations of Jupiter's formation are presented that incorporate mixing of H-He with denser material entering the planet as solids. Heavy compounds and gas mix substantially when the planet becomes roughly as massive as Earth, because…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-03-31 David Stevenson , Peter Bodenheimer , Jack J. Lissauer , Gennaro D'Angelo

Using the clathrate hydrates trapping theory, we discuss the enrichments in volatiles in the atmosphere of Jupiter measured by the \textit{Galileo} probe in the framework of new extended core-accretion planet formation models including…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Yann Alibert , Olivier Mousis , Willy Benz

Life in the clouds of Venus, if present in sufficiently high abundance, must be affecting the atmospheric chemistry. It has been proposed that abundant Venusian life could obtain energy from its environment using three possible sulfur…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-15 Sean Jordan , Oliver Shorttle , Paul B. Rimmer

It remains to be ascertained whether sub-Neptune exoplanets primarily possess hydrogen-rich atmospheres or whether a population of H$_2$O-rich "water worlds" lurks in their midst. Addressing this question requires improved modeling of…

Young terrestrial planets, when they are still embedded in a circumstellar disk, accumulate an atmosphere of nebula gas. The evolution and eventual evaporation of the protoplanetary disk affect the structure and dynamics of the planetary…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-03 Alexander Stoekl , Ernst Dorfi , Helmut Lammer

Mars' wet-to-dry transition is a major environmental catastrophe, yet the spatial pattern, tempo, and cause of drying are poorly constrained. We built a globally-distributed database of constraints on Mars late-stage paleolake size relative…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-11 Edwin S. Kite , Axel Noblet

The ratio of nitrogen isotopes in the Martian atmosphere is a key constraint on the planet's atmospheric evolution. However, enrichment of the heavy isotope expected due to atmospheric loss from sputtering and photochemical processes is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-02-11 Renyu Hu , Trent B. Thomas

The characterization of Super-Earth-to-Neptune sized exoplanets relies heavily on our understanding of their formation and evolution. In this study, we link a model of planet formation by pebble accretion to the planets' long-term…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-07-24 A. Vazan , C. W. Ormel , M. G. Brouwers

Exoplanet exploration has revealed that many$\unicode{x2013}$perhaps most$\unicode{x2013}$terrestrial exoplanets formed with substantial H$_2$-rich envelopes, seemingly in contrast to solar system terrestrials, for which there is scant…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-09-30 Joshua Krissansen-Totton , Nicholas Wogan , Maggie Thompson , Jonathan J. Fortney

Some thermonuclear (type I) X-ray bursts at the neutron star surfaces in low-mass X-ray binaries take place during hard persistent states of the systems. Spectral evolution of these bursts is well described by the atmosphere model of a…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-12-17 V. F. Suleimanov , J. Poutanen , K. Werner

In the core accretion paradigm of planet formation, gas giants only form a massive atmosphere after their progenitors exceeded a threshold mass: the critical core mass. Most (exo)planets, being smaller and rock/ice-dominated, never crossed…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Chris W. Ormel , Rolf Kuiper , Ji-Ming Shi

During the accretion of Titan, impact heating may have been sufficient to allow the global melting of water ice and the release of volatile compounds, mainly constituted of CO2, CH4 and NH3. The duration and efficiency of exchange between…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-06-06 Nadejda Marounina , Olivier Grasset , Gabriel Tobie , Sabrina Carpy