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In this paper we analyze the qualitative differences between evolutionary strategies and reinforcement learning algorithms by focusing on two popular state-of-the-art algorithms: the OpenAI-ES evolutionary strategy and the Proximal Policy…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-05-17 Nicola Milano , Stefano Nolfi

We present a reinforcement learning method for training neuro-fuzzy controllers using Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). Unlike prior approaches that used Deep Q-Networks (DQN) with Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS), our…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Kaaustaaub Shankar , Wilhelm Louw , Kelly Cohen

In this paper, we study offline preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL), where learning is based on pre-collected preference feedback over pairs of trajectories. While offline PbRL has demonstrated remarkable empirical success,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Hyungkyu Kang , Min-hwan Oh

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has shown promising results in aligning generative outputs with human preferences by distinguishing between chosen and rejected samples. However, a critical limitation of DPO is likelihood displacement,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Ruojun Xu , Yu Kai , Xuhua Ren , Jiaxiang Cheng , Bing Ma , Tianxiang Zheng , Qinhlin Lu

On-policy reinforcement learning methods, like Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), often demand extensive data per update, leading to sample inefficiency. This paper introduces Reflective Policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Yaozhong Gan , Renye Yan , Zhe Wu , Junliang Xing

We present Anchored Direct Preference Optimization (ADPO), a policy alignment method derived from first principles of KL-regularized reinforcement learning. Unlike standard approaches that treat the reference policy merely as a regularizer,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Wang Zixian

Real-world reinforcement learning systems must operate under distributional drift in their observation streams, yet most policy architectures implicitly assume fully observed and noise-free states. We study robustness of Proximal Policy…

Direct alignment algorithms such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) fine-tune models based on preference data, using only supervised learning instead of two-stage reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF). We show that DPO…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Aditya Gopalan , Sayak Ray Chowdhury , Debangshu Banerjee

Despite the efficacy of Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) in aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), reward hacking remains a pivotal challenge. This issue emerges when LLMs excessively reduce the probability of rejected completions to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Chenxu Yang , Ruipeng Jia , Mingyu Zheng , Naibin Gu , Zheng Lin , Siyuan Chen , Weichong Yin , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang

Direct preference optimization (\texttt{DPO}) has emerged as a promising approach for solving the alignment problem in AI. In this paper, we make two counter-intuitive observations about \texttt{DPO}. First, we show that \texttt{DPO} loss…

This study conducts a comparative analysis of Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm, applied to a 1-Degree of Freedom (DOF) Quanser Aero 2 system. Classical…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-08-29 Georg Schäfer , Jakob Rehrl , Stefan Huber , Simon Hirlaender

Most reinforcement learning algorithms seek a single optimal strategy that solves a given task. However, it can often be valuable to learn a diverse set of solutions, for instance, to make an agent's interaction with users more engaging, or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Wentse Chen , Shiyu Huang , Yuan Chiang , Tim Pearce , Wei-Wei Tu , Ting Chen , Jun Zhu

The alignment of language models~(LMs) with human preferences is critical for building reliable AI systems. The problem is typically framed as optimizing an LM policy to maximize the expected reward that reflects human preferences.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Zetian Sun , Dongfang Li , Xuhui Chen , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Establishing a reliable and iteratively refined robotic system is essential for deploying real-world applications. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are widely recognized as the foundation model for such robotic deployment, their…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Wenke Xia , Yichu Yang , Hongtao Wu , Xiao Ma , Tao Kong , Di Hu

Trust region policy optimization (TRPO) is a popular and empirically successful policy search algorithm in Reinforcement Learning (RL) in which a surrogate problem, that restricts consecutive policies to be 'close' to one another, is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-13 Lior Shani , Yonathan Efroni , Shie Mannor

Reinforcement learning (RL) has re-emerged as a natural approach for training interactive LLM agents in real-world environments. However, directly applying the widely used Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) algorithm to multi-turn…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Junbo Li , Peng Zhou , Rui Meng , Meet P. Vadera , Lihong Li , Yang Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) is already widely applied to applications such as robotics, but it is only sparsely used in sensor management. In this paper, we apply the popular Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) approach to a multi-agent UAV…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2022-10-21 André Brandenburger , Folker Hoffmann , Alexander Charlish

Offline preference optimization allows fine-tuning large models directly from offline data, and has proved effective in recent alignment practices. We propose generalized preference optimization (GPO), a family of offline losses…

Autonomous driving has attracted great interest due to its potential capability in full-unsupervised driving. Model-based and learning-based methods are widely used in autonomous driving. Model-based methods rely on pre-defined models of…

Reinforcement learning algorithms such as group-relative policy optimization (GRPO) have shown strong potential for improving the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models. While a growing body of work seeks to improve…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Wenquan Lu , Hai Huang , Enqi Liu , Randall Balestriero
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