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Long samples of text from neural language models can be of poor quality. Truncation sampling algorithms--like top-$p$ or top-$k$ -- address this by setting some words' probabilities to zero at each step. This work provides framing for the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-28 John Hewitt , Christopher D. Manning , Percy Liang

Large language models (LLMs), despite their impressive performance across a wide range of tasks, often struggle to balance two competing objectives in open-ended text generation: fostering diversity and creativity while preserving logical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Erfan Baghaei Potraghloo , Seyedarmin Azizi , Souvik Kundu , Massoud Pedram

Despite their growing capabilities, language models still frequently reproduce content from their training data, generate repetitive text, and favor common grammatical patterns and vocabulary. A possible cause is the decoding strategy: the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Giorgio Franceschelli , Mirco Musolesi

The quality of text generated by large language models depends critically on the decoding sampling strategy. While mainstream methods such as Top-$k$, Top-$p$, and Min-$p$ achieve a balance between diversity and accuracy through…

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text by sampling the next token from a probability distribution over the vocabulary at each decoding step. Popular sampling methods like top-p (nucleus sampling) often struggle to balance quality and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Minh Nhat Nguyen , Andrew Baker , Clement Neo , Allen Roush , Andreas Kirsch , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv

Language models generate text based on successively sampling the next word. A decoding procedure based on nucleus (top-$p$) sampling chooses from the smallest possible set of words whose cumulative probability exceeds the probability $p$.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-05 Shauli Ravfogel , Yoav Goldberg , Jacob Goldberger

Language models (LMs) are trained on billions of tokens in an attempt to recover the true language distribution. Still, vanilla random sampling from LMs yields low quality generations. Decoding algorithms attempt to restrict the LM…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Kareem Ahmed , Sameer Singh

Despite the remarkable advances in language modeling, current mainstream decoding methods still struggle to generate texts that align with human texts across different aspects. In particular, sampling-based methods produce less-repetitive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Haozhe Ji , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Despite considerable advancements with deep neural language models, the enigma of neural text degeneration persists when these models are tested as text generators. The counter-intuitive empirical observation is that even though the use of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-02-18 Ari Holtzman , Jan Buys , Li Du , Maxwell Forbes , Yejin Choi

Probabilistic language generators are theoretically modeled as discrete stochastic processes, yet standard decoding strategies (Top-k, Top-p) impose static truncation rules that fail to accommodate the dynamic information density of natural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Deepon Halder , Raj Dabre

Assisted by the availability of data and high performance computing, deep learning techniques have achieved breakthroughs and surpassed human performance empirically in difficult tasks, including object recognition, speech recognition, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-01-23 Shaeke Salman , Xiuwen Liu

Language models suffer from various degenerate behaviors. These differ between tasks: machine translation (MT) exhibits length bias, while tasks like story generation exhibit excessive repetition. Recent work has attributed the difference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-21 Darcey Riley , David Chiang

Decoding methods for large language models (LLMs) usually struggle with the tradeoff between ensuring factuality and maintaining diversity. For example, a higher p threshold in the nucleus (top-p) sampling increases the diversity but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Haw-Shiuan Chang , Nanyun Peng , Mohit Bansal , Anil Ramakrishna , Tagyoung Chung

Text generation tasks, including translation, summarization, language models, and etc. see rapid growth during recent years. Despite the remarkable achievements, the repetition problem has been observed in nearly all text generation models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-03-23 Zihao Fu , Wai Lam , Anthony Man-Cho So , Bei Shi

We study the problem of entropy calibration, which asks whether a language model's entropy over generations matches its log loss on human text. Past work found that models are miscalibrated, with entropy per step increasing as generations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Steven Cao , Gregory Valiant , Percy Liang

For open-ended language generation tasks such as storytelling and dialogue, choosing the right decoding algorithm is critical to controlling the tradeoff between generation quality and diversity. However, there presently exists no consensus…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-23 Hugh Zhang , Daniel Duckworth , Daphne Ippolito , Arvind Neelakantan

Recently, powerful Transformer architectures have proven superior in generating high-quality sentences. Nevertheless, these models tend to produce dull high-frequency phrases, severely hurting the diversity and novelty of generated text. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-11-15 Wenhao Li , Xiaoyuan Yi , Jinyi Hu , Maosong Sun , Xing Xie

The neural text generation suffers from the text degeneration issue such as repetition. Traditional stochastic sampling methods only focus on truncating the unreliable "tail" of the distribution, and do not address the "head" part, which we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-08-27 Xinran Zhang , Maosong Sun , Jiafeng Liu , Xiaobing Li

Advances in hardware and language model architecture have spurred a revolution in natural language generation. However, autoregressive models compute probability distributions over next-token choices, and sampling from these distributions,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-10 Tom Kempton , Stuart Burrell

Obtaining high-quality outputs from Large Language Models (LLMs) often depends upon the choice of a sampling-based decoding strategy to probabilistically choose the next token at each generation step. While a variety of such sampling…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Runyan Tan , Shuang Wu , Phillip Howard
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